Can a 5SB spidersilk really cut through a body?
Wikipedia gives 60 micrometers as an upper bound for the diameter of spidersilk.
The thing that determines if something penetrates another material or not is pressure. Pressure is force divided by area. Let's start with calculating force.
The force that a moving object experiences due to deceleration is the object's kinetic energy divided by the distance over which the object stops. I don't know the mass, velocity, or degree to which a dragon's flesh can deflect, but I can talk about me just fine, so I'll do that. I'm more or less 80 kilos, and a reasonable figure for my speed sprinting is going to be 100 meters in 15 seconds, or 6.67 m/s. Let's be extremely generous and suggest that I can deflect five centimeters before I run out of give. So, the force I'd experience running headlong into something is (0.5 * m * v^2) / d = 0.5 * 80 kg * (6.67 m/s)^2 / 0.05 m = 35600 Newtons. (Ouch.)
The cross-sectional area that impacts us is the width of me (call it 30 cm at my stomach?) multiplied by the diameter of the string. That's my width * 60e-6 m = 18e-6 m^2.
That means that the pressure I experience is
((0.5 * my mass * my velocity^2) / my deflection before cutting) / (my width * 60e-6 m) = 1.98e9 Pascals. That's roughly seven times the pressure required to puncture steel, so I think I'm probably in two pieces. Anyone who cares to play with the formula can do so, dropping numbers into it. You can probably even throw it into Wolfram Alpha if you're careful with the units. For a gut-check here, this means that I would need to be able to deflect more than a foot before the situation became one where steel was going to save me.
Please note that this is a very rough calculation that handwaves a very important factor: geometry. If you apply equal pressure to your hand with a brick and with a knife, the knife will cut and the brick will not. This is because you only develop cutting forces at the edges of the brick (you're just bludgeoning in the middle of the brick). I think that the spidersilk is thin enough to largely ignore this, as well as the fact that depending on the flexibility of the material, you might wind up with looking at tensile as opposed to shear strength.
If the mass and velocity of a Dragon scale more aggressively than their toughness - and I imagine they might - then 5SB spidersilk will cut them up pretty badly. If it
doesn't, then the spidersilk still isn't going to move and they're going to suffer pretty badly from the collision. If anyone wants to suggest a mass and velocity for a Dragon, as well as an equivalent thickness of steel for their scales/armour, then I can dust out my mechanics of materials textbook and see what the math looks like.