It's interesting that the ISC has has hostile first contacts so often when we managed peaceful first contacts even with aggressive species like the Cardassians and the Ittik-ka.
It helps that we make first contact with
really big ships that nobody else wants to tangle with if they can help it. If we were making first contact in weedy little science vessels (e.g.
Keplers, let alone
Oberths) we might have run into a lot more problems with first contacts.
The Cardassians and Ittick-ka would very possibly have eaten our lunch. The Dylaarians might well have attacked us for breach of copyright before we could prove what was going on. The Amarki would have thought we were a bunch of lame-o weaklings.
Hard to say if that's just luck, the nature of the species who manage to rise on the coreward frontier, or if our ability to manage first contacts is just better than theirs thanks to years of refinement and practice. Having their "thing" be safety and security paranoia probably doesn't help.
Yeah. If the Commonwealth is "better safe than sorry"-ing to the point where they act skittish, where they don't actually initiate contact readily in the first place, where they attack ships that 'look like' they're about to attack them, et cetera... That could explain part of their bad contact experiences.
Though given that other species they may have encountered include the Cardies, the Ferengi, the Sydraxians, and the Yrillians who are sometimes literal giant pirates, I wouldn't want to engage in too much victim-blaming here. They could easily be just a bunch of reasonable, well-intentioned,
very unlucky beings in a galaxy that wasn't very kind to them.
I suspect they are going to have really strong nationalist tendencies, and demand to be treated like a peer power. which is going to be awkward because if they expand into Gabriel we might end up in conflict, and the federation is not going to shoot them unless they go full cardisan.
Honestly that is not a problem at all in my opinion. If a neutral third party tries to move into the Gabriel Expanse, that just means less stuff for the Cardassian-aligned factions. We're not going to be able to claim the whole Expanse for ourselves, and it's not in keeping with the ideals of the Federation to try.
Let's be the good neighbors these people never had before.
Possibly the only Federation member/near member that doesn't use photon torpedoes are the Risans. So for a major power to have no equivalent weapon type ...
They could just be very, very good at beam weapons? Alternatively, torpedoes with different warheads. I actually pitched the Sydraxians in
Devas and Asuras using straight up fusion bombs in their torpedoes, with metallic hydrogen to increase the density so you can get a yield competitive with antimatter.
This would have some advantages, like making it a lot safer to have fully armed torpedoes sitting around ready to launch, and making it more practical to 'dial-a-yield' the torpedo to produce a large 'conventional' explosion by just having the metallic hydrogen blow up without a fusion trigger.