Or we say fuck it and strap all the phasers and torpedos on her and make her the nightmare of anything not the borg for the next century?
And then we have a handful of them, and they're a neat design but don't see widespread use because they're really actually not that great. Joy. This isn't us just saying penny pinch so that they better compete with the Miranda, it's saying don't over invest such that it no longer fits the requirements for a heavy cruiser we were given.
This is a really well-argued post, but I think the disconnect here is like, on a basic level of how we conceptualise ship fights? So it may be better to actually drive to the point of contention there first.
To put it simply, I think that a really successful capital ship like the Excalibur that excel in one on one engagements is not like, an example of a unique or particular fighting style, like playing an assassin in World of Warcraft. It's more of an example of how capital ships in Star Trek fight other capital ships in Star Trek, which is by beating them in one on one fights. It's how the Enterprise in TOS fights, and it's also how we see the Enterprise-D fight Klingon and other ships there also.
The way a fully armed Federation would handle a formation of three K'Tinga class would be to destroy them, one after the other, as we see the Enterprise-D or the Enterprise are handily able to bully smaller and less powerful vessels. This whole idea of there being a unique kind of "one on one battle" where maximising firepower is useful, but outside that it's less useful, is just incorrect, both for Star Trek itself but also the quest. A Federation with dual engines will handily be able to use its firepower to great effect against Klingon cruisers; just as the canonical Enterprise could despite being fair less agile and having even less weapons coverage. This is just a point of fact.
Or to put it more simply in Quest terms, Single Target Damage Rating is what wins fights between capital ships. Being able to engage swarms is nice, sure, but we have phasers, and the Ninja Bird of Prey Swarm is also a memetic entity hiding deep in the subconscious of the Quest which has exercised a reign of terror totally out of proportion to its factual existence since its inception.
I'm not saying it's all or nothing, and I don't disagree that single target damage rating is useful- but my point is we've been prioritizing it with the Excalibur, it'll probably be emphasized with the Miranda, and it won't be lacking on the Federation regardless.
As for the battle you describe, I'm probably going to get flak for this argument but- that's just a stereotypical action hero punching down against nominally 'peer' elite mooks. Why are the K'tingas' waiting one at a time to get defeated in stylish fashion rather than maneuvering out of it's firing arcs while one draws fire? Why are they not trying to swap who takes fire on their shields to draw the battle out? Assuming the Federation will have the luxury of overpowering each enemy cruiser one after the other is the cleanest, most favorable white room scenario possible and assumes no agency for the Opfor. Even in the best case scenario the K'tinga won't be much less agile than the Federation- if we give the Fed the benefit it'll be able to use most of it's fixed weaponry in that scenario regardless, we need to do the same for the K'tinga. To be blunt, outside of a hero ship, I expect any variation of Federation class to die to three well led K'tingas if it has no outside support- so yes, we're clearly visualizing a much different battlefield.
And believe me, I've been dismissive of the Ninja Bird of Prey Swarm before, but it was a repeated Klingon tactic to use them as skirmishers to pin and degrade our superior cruiser forces before they closed in with the D7s.
And it worked, even when we won, it was probably a closer run thing than it needed to be if we had adequate multi-targeting damage output. Suggesting we get a better tactical response than just 'if our cruisers are better enough, they can still win even after they get degraded by the enemy' doesn't seem to to be succumbing to fear of the memetic ninja BOP.
My contention isn't that single-target damage is useless- it's that there is no equivalent weight capital ship that needs the Federation to double down on single-target damage, and that we have capable single-target damage from other ships as a matter of course. Getting high coverage, and most importantly-
relatively affordable high coverage helps our lean and mean cruisers can better match their peers in displacement, and on it's lonesome lets it better fight an enemy willing to do more than wait their turn to fall under it's heavy guns.