We don't really know enough about gods to say.
Let's say, for the sake of argument, that the Old Ones embedded archetypes in the Aethyr in the same way they allegedly did their language, or they embedded them in the structure of their creations' souls or both.
That would mean that there's a 'Death God' archetype that any entity that roughly the characteristics of can adopt and be worshipped as.
I don't see why there's any restriction on a minimum scale that entity can have. There are some logical ones.
It could be that it's simply individual. Each person can be metaphysically connected to only one instance of each archetype, so that a person can have one connection to an entity occupying the death god slot, one connection to an entity filling the mother goddess slot, etc.
It could be that in the Aethyr some reified concept of a culture exists, so a single culture, however defined, can only have one entity filling each archetype.
It could be species level, with one entity adopting the archetype for an entire species.
Or it could be global, with one entity adopting an archetype for everyone.
And it could be that the archetypes aren't fully discrete coherent packages, and there's instead a whole set of sun-archetype features that can be shared to greater or lesser degrees between entities that adopt their own bespoke archetype based on them.
Under all these models, quite possibly the more people recognising an entity as 'their' representative of that archetype gives that entity more power and authority.
You could once have had many death gods in the Reik basin competing with each other, each responsible for the souls of a single tribe (plus the Tileans). They'd just each have had a smaller span of authority. Less power, but less responsibility.
Even in the most fractured model there has to be a scale limit, otherwise Goat Fief can have its own death god for the fifty families that live there, culture is an inherently very squishy word. That being said it would be really coincidental if the bar is at 'Imperial tribe' i.e. the smallest distinct group that modern scholars can point at. It seems more reasonable that some or all of them were worshiping the same thing, especially when one considers that the same argument could be made for the tribes of the Bretoni, every Norscan ancestor god that isn't the Four in a wig etc...
There is also the fact that everyone started in a lab, which means all these distinct cultures are diverging from a common point. I think what we would see is one death god (as an example) in Cd who then ends up getting fifty names as populations diverge, not fifty death gods who spontaneously arose from fifty populations with one eventually gobbling up the others. It is possible that the Aethyr does not work like that and the Ur death god fractures into fifty but the thing is again as we see with Ranald gods are sapient beings fully capable of long term plans and with some understanding of their own nature. The death god would not want to fracture and since they do have some capacity to speak with their priests and thus impact how they are worshiped they would work towards mentaining coherence.