That's why I've been specifying it was Sisko's defiant that the Lakota could seriously threaten. A stock defiant is at a major advantage vs a stock Excelsior (+4 C, -1 H +1L), but there's no point in even turning on the combat engine for an Elite defiant vs a stock excelsior (+7 C, +2 H, +4L). Elite Defiant also smushs Ambassadors (+6 C, +1 H, +2L). Not sure on stock Defiant vs Ambassoder or Elite Defiant vs Galaxy because I don't know the system well enough. And that's of course ignoring captain and crew abilities, and it's highly probably that Sisko's ability as an escort captain inflicts horrific penalties on enemy cap ships given that he does things like aimdodge capital ship fire and that he designed the Defiant to fight supercaps.
Plus, it's possible the Defiant crew is at functionally Elite+ or higher given that it's technically possible (Sisko's done it) to use that ship in combat to full effect solo, Sisko's every bit a peer to Kirk and Nash, and all the other standard crew members are major league badasses in their own right.
I will note that in the battle against the
Lakota, Sisko was not aboard, though in the TBG-verse I don't know whether or not that impacts whether his bonus applies. Also, the person actually in command was Worf, who's a pretty good tactical officer in his own right.
Remember the purpose of the Defiant-class.
They're designed to be Borg-killers.
Yeah, but they're also designed to be used in large numbers. They're pared-down into the smallest, most compact, least science/presence hulls possible, precisely because that way you can build a lot of them to mob a Borg cube and pulverize it with sheer ridiculous massed barrages of torpedoes and pulse phasers.
There's no reason to assume one
Defiant is actually intended to punch as hard as one
Galaxy, given that you could build a lot of
Defiants with the same amount of materials and crew. Basically, when they meet the Borg, the Federation finally encounters an enemy that 'lone ranger' tactics won't work against, because no ship they can build is individually a match for a cube. You're going to need to greatly outnumber Borg cubes to beat them at all, and you're going to take casualties fighting them, so you might as well make sure you do as much harm to the Borg as possible per ton of ship and per crewman you lose. You do that by building heavily armed, agile ships that do not spend much tonnage on the science/presence complex that normally matters to Starfleet.
Another thing that you have to take into account, is the Excelsior's sheer presence in keeping the class in service, and even in build, in the TNG/DS9 eras. And considering that every Starfleet Admiral, revered diplomats, and other VIPs, under the sun seems to have one available to cart them around the Federation, seems to bear this out.
I think you're getting this wrong.
I think the
Excelsiors are being used to ferry around VIPs because they are explicitly considered
second rate ships.* They are no longer prestigious. They are
normal. I mean, they've got some history going, but they're not magic. It's not like our
Constitution(s) get a Presence bonus just for being Connies, even though by your argument they should.
_____________
*That is in the Age of Sail sense, where "second rate" means "less powerful than the first rate." Not "lowly and irrelevant," just "less powerful."
And so, every member world wants Excelsiors to be their command ships, every admiral and high level government official want them to be their ships as they conduct their business through the Federation, and the people themselves want them in their sectors and planetary fleets because to them, the Excelsior is the Federation.
Honestly I think it's just because (in canon TNG) the
Excelsior production line was running for so long that the
Excelsior-class is in effect the Federation's "cruiser." Imagine if you took our current fleets, and...
1) Replaced every
Excelsior with an
Ambassador or
Galaxy.
2) Replaced every
Centaur, Constellation, or
Constitution with an
Excelsior
3) Replaced every
Miranda with a mix of older, obsolete-ish types (such as
Constellations and, well,
Mirandas).
That's what the TNG-era force mix looks like, basically. The
Excelsiors are seen so often because they are the multirole utility ships the Federation uses for routine duties, the same way we use our
Constellations and
Centaurs.
Re-designating the Excelsior to a cruiser is mechanically disadvantageous to us.
The explorer category of ship is different to the exploratory mission (5YM) or Explorer Corps designation.
[closes eyes]
Look. We're suffering from a massive terminology problem.
There is a type of ship we use, that are definitely heavier and stronger than any escort of their generation, but are too light to perform five-year missions.
What do we call them?
I've been calling them "cruisers." So have a lot of people. Whether the ship is technically classified as an explorer or a cruiser is frankly immaterial. So by the standards of a future Federation that's using 4-5 megaton explorers as the big, hefty, frontline vessels... an
Excelsior is a cruiser to them, just as a
Constitution is a cruiser to us now. Whether we call it an explorer or not is, again, immaterial.
So do you have a suggestion, pray tell, as to how I can make it clear and unambiguous when I am speaking about escorts/cruisers/explorers in the mechanical sense of the word? And when I am speaking of the ships
in the roles we elect to use them in. Such that an explorer may do the work of a medium cruiser as anchor of a sector fleet while larger ships do the exploring? Or an escort like the
Centaur-A may do the work of a light multirole cruiser until something better comes along?