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I think it is more monkey brain not good at processing things that differ to fundamental beliefs, in this case that income is tied directly to land.

I think there might be something to the physicality argument. I mean even in the modern world you see people railing about 'speculators' out of all proportion with what actually is speculation. I personally know people who think think there is something fundamentally wrong with having intermediaries between the farmer growing the crop and the person who buys it at market in 2022.

You do not have to be in the middle ages to think merchants are parasitical.
 
A foundational assumption of most feudal systems is an economic principle called 'physiocracy' - the belief that wealth comes from land. This makes taxation pretty straightforward, because there's only so much land and you can't really move it around, and if you think someone's fiddling their taxes you can just send someone to eyeball their fields just before the harvest. That an income can be generated by moving things around is seen as somewhere between witchcraft and fraud by traditionalists in this era. If 'supply and demand' hasn't caught on as an economic concept yet and you believe that every object has an unchanging inherent value, how does someone buy something from one person and sell it to another and end up with a profit? They must have defrauded one or both people they traded with, right? The only 'honest' way to make an income is at the source - taking the crops out of the soil, the wood from the forests, the metal from the ground. All of which is inextricable from land.

So while to us a corporation tax is seen as completely straightforward, there's no place for it in the feudal worldview, because corporations shouldn't be able to make money unless it's by land, in which case they should be getting taxed already, or unless it's by fraud, in which case they should be getting arrested and their property seized. The Empire is currently in the tense middle period where everyone's caught on that there's a bunch of profit happening that's unrelated to land, but so far the systemic reactions to it are pretty kneejerk. If they're somehow dodging the tax system, then make them pay a tax on how many windows their mansion has, things like that. Then you get things like the Window Tax Riots because the merchants get tipped off it's coming and just brick up a bunch of their windows, while the poor just get caught off-guard with what seems to them like a ridiculous and arbitrary tax they can't afford to pay.
Have dwarves got it figured out? If I remember correctly, they believe every object has an unchanging inherent value, but I don't remember them vilifying merchants.
 
Have dwarves got it figured out? If I remember correctly, they believe every object has an unchanging inherent value, but I don't remember them vilifying merchants.

There are Dwarven merchants that do have it figured out, and while the other members of Dwarven society do sometimes look askance at them, they generally think that the merchants are simply charging a deservedly high toll for high-quality Dwarven transportation and storage of goods.
 
I think there might be something to the physicality argument. I mean even in the modern world you see people railing about 'speculators' out of all proportion with what actually is speculation. I personally know people who think think there is something fundamentally wrong with having intermediaries between the farmer growing the crop and the person who buys it at market in 2022.

You do not have to be in the middle ages to think merchants are parasitical.
Mostly physicality/immediacy thing yeah.
Medieval taxes were wild because they could only really tax physical things and immediate activities due to the limitations of recordkeeping, data processing and communications, with the further caveat that certain unavoidable taxes were often considered unjust and unfair - in Warhammer Fantasy, the most appropriate point of comparison would be the dwarf reaction to their beer being taxed.

Its a pretty complicated endeavor and its constantly shifting as people find ways to avoid paying taxes or the laws happen to intersect just right and someone who's not in a position to employ creative accounting gets taxed to oblivion.
 
I am not sure Boney's interpretation is completely true regarding medieval taxation.

Yes, the belief of physiocracy neatly explains the bad reputation merchants had. Mind, I still consider it overly simplified, as a large part of european nobility of the time certainly knew more than that about economics (as shown in the example of the Templar order and the northern Italian nobility e.g.).

Also, it doesn't address the existence and nobilities' grudging appreciation of craftsmen and artisans. Sure, you get your lump of iron from the earth. But its worth is considerably increased first by transforming into steel, and even more by turning into let's say armour.

The medieval contemporaries were well aware of how much more plate armour, a finished product, was worth than its base form.

In truth, I find the answer for simplified taxation lies in the beaurecratic inability of the state to reliably track income and property (that's not land) combined with backward beliefs on economics.
 
I am not sure Boney's interpretation is completely true regarding medieval taxation.

Yes, the belief of physiocracy neatly explains the bad reputation merchants had. Mind, I still consider it overly simplified, as a large part of european nobility of the time certainly knew more than that about economics (as shown in the example of the Templar order and the northern Italian nobility e.g.).

Also, it doesn't address the existence and nobilities' grudging appreciation of craftsmen and artisans. Sure, you get your lump of iron from the earth. But its worth is considerably increased first by transforming into steel, and even more by turning into let's say armour.

The medieval contemporaries were well aware of how much more plate armour, a finished product, was worth than its base form.

In truth, I find the answer for simplified taxation lies in the beaurecratic inability of the state to reliably track income and property (that's not land) combined with backward beliefs on economics.

If you'd just spent a semester taking an economic history course with Professor Boney that'd be a valid criticism, but when it's just two off-the-cuff paragraphs on why corporate tax isn't a thing, I'm not going to cover every corner of late Feudal economic theory.
 
How does the EIC pay taxes to the various Imperial governments?
EIC's homebase is in Stirland, with the headquarters centered in Wurtbad. I imagine they pay taxes to Stirland and then taxes to every road and county border they cross throughout the Empire. The Empire has its systems, as inconsistent and messy as they tend to be. That's just how the Empire is.
 
Those are both regressive taxes though. It would make more sense to get rid of tolls and then tax the land used for warehouses, facilities, notarization, and such. Or would that cause uprisings by the nobility?

It's a lot easier to put a few soldiers on a gate and tell them to take money from everyone going through than it is to keep track of how every building in a country is being used.
 
How does the EIC pay taxes to the various Imperial governments?
Uh, it SHOULD be taxed by activity:
-Whenever a ship docks, it pays port taxes(possibly based on the size of the ship and how long it spends docked would go to docking charges and that is also taxed again), and the cargo is taxed, and POTENTIALLY there might be an additional tax on certain goods or number of crew, depending on the specific place.
--You also have similar charges for overland transport, though that'd be taxed by goods moving through, a per head tax per traveler and animals.

-Offices and warehouses would be taxed by land value(so square footage and sometimes location) and building type, refer the whole window tax discussion for ways and means they use to determine this.

-There's also probably some asset holding taxes, but the EIC would probably just base their asset storage in places with lighter asset taxes.

All paid to the local authorities, and probably none of the Elector's business except for direcy electoral holdings like toll roads and the capital. His subordinate barons and mayors do all the actual taxing on their settlements.
 
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Those are both regressive taxes though. It would make more sense to get rid of tolls and then tax the land used for warehouses/facilities, notarization services, and such. Or would that cause uprisings by the nobility?
There's an entire section on taxes in Old World Armory 2E WFRP, and those regressive taxes are cornerstones of the taxation in the Lore. There are dozens of different tax types but there are entire careers in WFRP dedicated to Tax Collectors, including the Exciseman, Toll Keeper and Bailiff Careers, whose primary purpose is to collect those taxes. There's also protagonists and racketeers and dozens of other careers for the rough part of tax collecting, which is of course a thing. An excerpt of Old World Armoury Page 14:

"Taxes are a big part of commoners' lives. Though tax collectors are widespread, they only regularly collect, on average, taxes from about half of the Old World's population—in urban centres they have higher taxation collection rates, while in rural areas significantly less. This was not always the case. In generations past, before the emergence of the new middle class, peasants were little more than property and had to give a substantial percentage of the products of their labour to their lords who protected them. Since the rise of burghers, the governments of the Old World have been forced to adopt a different approach.

There are as many different types of tax as there are ways to avoid them. Each country is different, and frequently each province within that country operates as a law unto itself. Tax rates reflect the fortunes, whims, and personalities of the nation's rulers. They might squeeze the populace to fund a new castle, or they may decide the masses are best left to their own devices. Guilds, trade alliances, and city-states also demand coin from the everyday folk, as do illegal protection rackets.

Bretonnian taxes tend to be very much in the old style—feudal lords demand work and produce from the peasantry. And Tilean taxes are famously complicated and corrupt. Estalia manages to impose a national and regional tax more or less across all of its population, and Kislev and Norsca have what can best be described as primitive approaches to fund raising. Within the Empire, taxes, tax collection, licensing, extortion, and avoidance have almost become an art form as the population struggles to fund the latest war or scheme of the Elector counts.

Generally speaking, as long as the desired amount of money is raised, the method of its procurement is not questioned. Many Guilds and places rely upon bands of mercenary tax collectors— tough fighters, shrewd negotiators, and fierce opponents. Several independent companies of collectors exist, the most infamous being those that work the towns and villages of Stirland. These heavily armoured fighters are renowned for getting the job done, no matter who, living or dead, stands in the way.

Player Characters may encounter some, all, or none of the following taxes, depending on the whim of the GM."

The section then goes on to describe the following taxes: Fifteenths and Tenths, Poll Taxes, Ear Tax, Dinning, Window Tax, Banking Fee, Shank's Levy, Belt Tax and Licensing on top of the regular forms of taxation (tariffs, tolls, propety tax etc.). I am not spending my time going into detail on every type of taxation that canon goes over. There's a lot to go over, and a lot of it is designed to exacerbate the horrific atmosphere of the Old World.
 
One important thing to remember about medieval era organisation is just how less centralised and inter-connected everything was. If a farmer under-reports their crop yield or a noble claims they had a poor year, you've no way to verify it beyond sending out an inspector to check in person- and you'd better be damn sure they're not the sort to accept bribes, or you're not going to get anything useful from it. You want to try taxing someone's income? Good luck- everything is handled by hand and (if you're lucky) written down in ledgers, making it trivially easy to under-report earnings.
 
If you'd just spent a semester taking an economic history course with Professor Boney that'd be a valid criticism, but when it's just two off-the-cuff paragraphs on why corporate tax isn't a thing, I'm not going to cover every corner of late Feudal economic theory.

Sorry if I came across as too nitpicky. There was no ill intent on my part. It's just that I have a law background (with a bit of a history one) so I am just enthusiastic about the subject. :)
 
Can I ask why the sudden support for Plan: Ritual Centre with Mira? The current leading plan is already fairly passive, but this variant which removes an investigative action is even more so. If it wins, we will have at the end of this turn a better idea of what the ritual is and that's it, nothing about Alberich's location or Alric's current plan.

If we must spend an action getting a better deal from Mira can't we at least approach the hunting lodge Unfahigers?
 
Fifteenths and Tenths, Poll Taxes, Ear Tax, Dinning, Window Tax, Banking Fee, Shank's Levy, Belt Tax and Licensing
Going over these taxes, I think people with an understanding of Taxes can probably guess what Fifteenth and Tenth, Poll Tax, Window Tax, Licensing (charging people for a license to do something) and Banking Fees are about. Belt tax is fairly intuitive as well, it's used in times of shortage of food where people are taxed for how many inches are on their belt, the justification being the bigger you are the richer you'd be.

I think the least intuitive taxes here are probably the racial ones. Ear Tax is a racist tax levied at Elves where they have to pay a Shilling per ear on pain of removal. The humans do this when they're feeling threatened by an Elven trading house, and they only do so when they feel they can get away with it. Shank's Levy is a Moot tax which is popular in Halfling controlled areas. You pay a penny for every inch above 4 feet you are. There is a more uncommon version which does the opposite.
 
Something that I've noticed in the past few updates and by referecing previous chapters. It seems like Regimand is far more of an illusion specced Wizard than Mathilde is. His use of Cloak Activity, Illusion, Doppelganger and even the combination between Skywalk and Smoke and Mirrors is impeccable and seems designed to maneuver himself into favorable positions without anyone noticing. From what we've seen, it seems clear his focus is on high mobility and illusions to get the jump on someone and then quick and decisive blows to end the battle. Even the description of his fight with the Tzaangor in the Middle Mountains followed that same formula with the feint followed by the finishing blow. Even Mathilde has shown some degree of struggle with catching Regimand and her Magesight is one of the best in the Old World, coupled with a deep knowledge of her master's abilities.

That is what one should expect from an experienced Wizard whose spent decades honing their skills on a particular specialty. Mathilde has never really chosen a specialty to focus down on. She's always been scattershot, and her success is mostly a testament to how talented, lucky and hard working she is.

Actually, Mathy's true wizard specialty is dispelling and counter-magic in my book.

Well, that and assassination coupled with inflitration of the stalking variety, but that's something that most Greys are good at, I imagine.
 
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