A Little Trouble in Big China - A Chinese Warlord Quest

Basically what happens when your population and intellectual were still using pre-nationalism with huge sum of patches instead of you biting the bullet and buy the brand new software. :V
I blame not enough railroad. :V
But given that buying the brand new software means very possibly losing your comfy position... Seemed too risky to them, I suppose.
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I blame not enough railroad.

As the infrastructure in China was still poor at the time, control of the railway lines and rolling stock were crucial in maintaining the sphere of influence. Railroads were the fastest and cheapest way of moving large number of troops, and most battles during this era were fought within a short distance of railways. In 1925, it was estimated that 70% of the locomotives on the railway lines connecting Wuhan and Beijing, and 50% of the locomotives on the lines connecting Beijing and Mukden were being used for mobilizing troops and supplies. Armored trains, full of machine guns and artillery, offered fire support for troops going into battle. The constant fighting around the railroads caused much economic harm. In 1925 at least 50% of the locomotives being used on the line connecting Nanjing and Shanghai had been destroyed, with the soldiers of one warlord using 300 freight cars as sleeping quarters, all inconveniently parked directly on the rail line. To hinder pursuit, defeated troops tore up the railroads as they retreated, causing in 1924 alone damage worth 100 million silver Mexican dollars (the Mexican silver dollar was the main currency used in China at the time). Between 1925 and 1927 fighting in eastern and southern China caused non-military railroad traffic to decline by 25%, raising the prices of goods and causing inventory to build up at warehouses.

Warlords responsible for that too.
 
But given that buying the brand new software means very possibly losing your comfy position... Seemed too risky to them, I suppose.
Warlords responsible for that too.

So are you planning wider PR/education next turn? C-KMT turning more red and that will be very bad when someone "wins" the villages to their side, now that Sun's influence is gone. As in CPC and C-KMT combined into one and various people within starts purge and counter purge. Taking note of USSR power structure struggle.
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@Qing Players
Do you intend to become the Emperor? Or plans to "win" by pushing Emperor to rule all China?
 
So are you planning wider PR/education next turn? C-KMT turning more red and that will be very bad when someone "wins" the villages to their side, now that Sun's influence is gone. As in CPC and C-KMT combined into one and various people within starts purge and counter purge. Taking note of USSR power structure struggle.
It's still a bit uncertain- I'm mostly going to see how this turn goes (although a sort-of plan is in the works). In any case, if the war is going to go hot, then the plan will mostly focus on that.
 
@Qing Players
Do you intend to become the Emperor? Or plans to "win" by pushing Emperor to rule all China?
I plan on keeping the current emperor, it would be a bit weird and out of character for Prince Chun to coup his own son, plus the current emperor got the legitimacy. I doubt that any other warlord in this time and age will get it easy to established himself as a emperor and to get the same amount of legitimacy, it would likely be easier to make a republic.
Note: Wu Peifu historically was a Chinese nationalist and why would he want to replace the Emperor at all? He is clearly in the favour of the Emperor and has been given responsibility for the Emperor's safety in that he controls well......everything in and around the capital.

I mean should Prince Chen or indeed the Manchurians start acting against him, he might assume they are acting without the Emperor's consent, why else would they act against the man who has done nothing to hurt the Empire?
ZealousThoughts also seems to be a loyalist from what I can get out of this statement.

@VoidZero What about you? What are your longterm plan for victory?
 
@VoidZero What about you? What are your longterm plan for victory?

What a question!
Zuolin: Original plan was to gain obscene amount of prestige and personal loyalists then join the then-not-russian-red Republic to take over in popular election. Which is why education, development, and lack of civil war action happened. Also the reason for him getting blown up due to overt/covert hostility towards the Japanese.

Xueliang: Full spit towards Manchuko and Japan, derailed old plan, and political reality. So very high likelihood of turning into Emperor royalist if he promised to take care of Fengtian survivor and avenge Zuolin.
 
What a question!
Zuolin: Original plan was to gain obscene amount of prestige and personal loyalists then join the then-not-russian-red Republic to take over in popular election. Which is why education, development, and lack of civil war action happened. Also the reason for him getting blown up due to overt/covert hostility towards the Japanese.

Xueliang: Full spit towards Manchuko and Japan, derailed old plan, and political reality. So very high likelihood of turning into Emperor royalist if he promised to take care of Fengtian survivor and avenge Zuolin.
It sounds good, I think that we could together. I am sure, that in the longterm, I want to kick out Japan too, but I would prefer the civil war to be over first, since Japan is kind of the end game boss, so to speak.
 
Zhuhai Boar Hunting Rifle Pamphlet; 1925
A pamphlet advertising the Zhuhai Boar Hunting Rifle.

===========================================================================================================================================================================================



Tradition. Modernity. Ammunition Customization. Savage Intimidation.

Any hunter and gun enthusiast who wants all of these traits in a single gun should look no further than the Zhuhai Flintlock Boar Hunting Rifle!

Utilizing the American Hall Breech Loading System, adding scientifically calibrated sights tested and approved by soldiers from Asia, America and Europe, a new bayonet attachment method that allows you, our customer, to securely attach a Boar Spear to the rifle, and ammunition that you, our customer, can not only buy from us but can actually create by yourself either by following the instruction manual or experimenting by yourself, this rifle is the pinnacle of all flintlock rifles ever made!

You can choose to dispatch the prey with 525. Minie Bullet for maximum destructive effect. Or you can use a 525. Ball for historical accuracy as regards to the spiritual ancestor of the Zhuhai Boar Hunting Rifle, the Hall Breech Loading Rifle. And with our modification, you can now choose to dispatch the prey with a bayonet to beat all bayonets, a Boar Spear made to hunt Boars!

For the price of XX Silver Dragons or XX British Pounds, you can have the pinnacle of all flintlock rifles! A rifle with a bayonet that a savage who has never seen a gun would instantly respect at first sight! A rifle that can be maintained by an ordinary blacksmith! A rifle that needs not rely on any factory for its ammunition!

Buy Now from the Zhuhai Black Powder Hunting Gun Workshop!

Buy Now!
===========================================================================================================================================================================================

...:D

Anyone guess who the Tong is actually marketing this rifle to? It's not only hunters, you know?

Clue? The word starts with "R" and ends in "S"
 
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Anyone guess who the Tong is actually marketing this rifle to? It's not only hunters, you know?

Clue? The word starts with "R" and ends in "S"
@kilopi505 If I understand it correctly, then what kind of rebels are you talking about?

The rebels who are fighting the noble and patriotic fight against the oppressive regime of the Japanese and the other foreign invaders or the devious and moral corrupt men, that dares to raise arms against the divine emperor, that holds the Heavenly Mandate to govern China with wisdom and moral clarity?
 
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The rebels who are fighting the noble and patriotic fight against the oppressive regime of the Japanese and the other foreign invaders or the devious and moral corrupt men, that dares to raise arms against the divine emperor, that holds the Heavenly Mandate to govern China with wisdom and moral clarity?
The Tong is near Fujian, where anti-Japanese partisans are very common. As far as I know, besides the usual bandits, there are no rebels in Qing China.
 
The Tong is near Fujian, where anti-Japanese partisans are very common. As far as I know, besides the usual bandits, there are no rebels in Qing China.
Well, I think that Qing China would call the whole KMT for people, who has rebelled against the emperor, but I get your point, though there is a chance that the communist might start something, if you look at this action.
-[X] Organise secret cells on the Right-KMT and the Qing territory for gathering intel about enemies' activity and identifying their weakpoints. Tensions amongst warlords, regions on the verge of a riot, potential routes to smuggle weaponry, anything that can help to weaken them in case of war.
 
Well, I think that Qing China would call the whole KMT for people, who has rebelled against the emperor, but I get your point, though there is a chance that the communist might start something, if you look at this action.
Yes, but those rebels ( and the Tongmenghui the C-KMT is organizing) would be supplied from C-KMT factories, or steal arms from your arsenals. Then again, so would those in Fujian. Honestly, I don't know who kilopi means to sell to.
 
Rich or high middle class I guess? Guns aren't exactly daily use tool for city dweller. The communal villages likely source their need from closer C-KMT factory.
 
@kilopi505 If I understand it correctly, then what kind of rebels are you talking about?

The rebels who are fighting the noble and patriotic fight against the oppressive regime of the Japanese and the other foreign invaders or the devious and moral corrupt men, that dares to raise arms against the divine emperor, that holds the Heavenly Mandate to govern China with wisdom and moral clarity?

Rich or high middle class I guess? Guns aren't exactly daily use tool for city dweller. The communal villages likely source their need from closer C-KMT factory.

Yes, but those rebels ( and the Tongmenghui the C-KMT is organizing) would be supplied from C-KMT factories, or steal arms from your arsenals. Then again, so would those in Fujian. Honestly, I don't know who kilopi means to sell to.

:D

Oh. So the French control all the land routes and sea routes you need for smuggling ammunition, my good Vietnamese sir? Well no worry, with the Zhuhai Boar Hunting Rifle, you need no foreign factory anymore for your ammunition primer! No need for easily traced chemicals! You just need secret gunpowder factory deep in the forest! And paper and wood, you can just buy from the market!

Oh, what to do when you need spare parts, Mr. Nicaraguan? Please refer your local blacksmith to our manual that comes with the gun. We have made it easy for any blacksmith to create all the important parts.

Aiyah, you need gun and ammunition that needs no non-local resources, Mr. Ethiopian? For future fight against Italy just in case? Well worry no more!

...you get the picture folks. I'm peddling an AK-47 before there is an AK-47.
 
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:D

Oh. So the French control all the land routes and sea routes you need for smuggling ammunition, my good Vietnamese sir? Well no worry, with the Zhuhai Boar Hunting Rifle, you need no foreign factory anymore for your ammunition primer! No need for easily traced chemicals! You just need secret gunpowder factory deep in the forest! And paper and wood, you can just buy from the market!

Oh, what to do when you need spare parts, Mr. Nicaraguan? Please refer your local blacksmith to our manual that comes with the gun. We have made it easy for any blacksmith to create all the important parts.

Aiyah, you need gun and ammunition that needs no non-local resources, Mr. Ethiopian? For future fight against Italy just in case? Well worry no more!

...you get the picture folks. I'm peddling an AK-47 before there is an AK-47.
A cursory Google search brought me this gun, which has the same picture as what you put up. If that's the case, this revived version of a relic developed a century prior has some issues to it. Some of the problems of flintlocks speaking in a generic sense appear to include: high misfire rate (especially in damp/rainy weather), a tendency to shoot sparks around (this apparently inspiring volley fire to avoid igniting a neighboring soldier's weapon at an inopportune time such as while reloading), and an easily fouled barrel from the reaction of large quantities of black powder (making it increasingly difficult to load, and also risking a 'short start' that could have it blow up in one's face.) If not well-maintained, they'd readily deteriorate.

There's an account made by a person who fired a museum's reproduction of this weapon on a cool, dry day. Here are his impressions:

Gas leakage everywhere! Back into your hairline, out the trigger mortise (burns finger on trigger), and it blocks sighting down the barrel of the rifle. After a few shots, you sort of get used to the impression/feeling that the rifle is blowing up in your face. Safety glasses are not optional. Bystanders up to 5 yards away noted being hit by gas and gunk. Would not be fun for the rear rank in a typical period two rank formation as the gas leakage goes both to the left and right of the shooter.

The lock on top of the breech is open to wind, and the stiff breeze kept blowing the sparks to the side of the pan instead of into it causing a lot of misfires. A typical flintlock setup on the side of the barrel blocks wind from the sides from doing this. Hall carbines were all percussion, the first percussion US arms, and probably this wind problem helped motivate the early changeover to caps. We overcame this problem by canting the rifle slightly into the wind.

Filth – It's a good thing the lock is easy to take apart, the whole lock and inside of the stock/lock receiver gets totally caked in residue, necessitating full disassembly. On a workbench, it's easy, but there are a lot of small parts. It is the only US rifle that makes a modern M16 seem easy to clean. The Hall has no hidden crevices though, and a damp rag quickly cleans it up. Trying to clean the rifle in the field would be very difficult, and soldiers would have likely lost parts trying to maintain their rifles. I might try just boiling the lockwork/breech without dis-assembly if I could not easily dis-assemble the lockworks.

Overall, it seems these intriguing guns lay in the arsenals un-used (2000 at Little Rock, 5000 at Benecia, CA, 15,000 at Harpers Ferry in 1861) due to the flaws we noted. They are scary to fire, technically challenging to clean, would require a major change in tactics and formations, and were difficult to make.

Easy to load, no rammer needed, which eliminated a lot of motions required with the standard muzzle-loading arm. The barrel still needs to be elevated about 60 degrees to load the chamber without spilling powder. So therefore, prone loading of the weapon would still be a bit of a challenge, unlike Hall's claims of an advantage of this arm in that regard. Spilling powder down under the lock into the stock would add considerably to the excitement of shooting as will be explained later.

Easy to dis-assemble lock, no tools other than a screwdriver required, the springs are all flat springs and are under little tension when the lock is un-cocked.

The frizzen spring has adjustable tension, a nice feature as the cock has a short throw and the mainspring on this example was not very zippy.

When carefully primed, the rifle fires instantly in spite of the flash hole being nearly vertical. The key was not to allow powder to fill the channel (which is in the center of the pan)
Recoil with the 78 gr. service load and a .530 RB was minimal. So light the first time I fired I thought it was just a spectacular flash in the pan.

I don't think that "no rammer needed" is still the ringing endorsement that it might have been in 1865, and as a weapon for guerrillas this seems to have a lot to be desired. It doesn't work well in rainy or humid conditions, that guy indicates that you'd have to stand to load it, it emits all manner of highly visible gas, requires frequent maintenance to avoid severe issues up to blowing up in one's hands and after all that you get in ideal conditions with a skilled user about nine rounds per minute.

This is no AK-47.
 
A cursory Google search brought me this gun, which has the same picture as what you put up. If that's the case, this revived version of a relic developed a century prior has some issues to it. Some of the problems of flintlocks speaking in a generic sense appear to include: high misfire rate (especially in damp/rainy weather), a tendency to shoot sparks around (this apparently inspiring volley fire to avoid igniting a neighboring soldier's weapon at an inopportune time such as while reloading), and an easily fouled barrel from the reaction of large quantities of black powder (making it increasingly difficult to load, and also risking a 'short start' that could have it blow up in one's face.) If not well-maintained, they'd readily deteriorate.

There's an account made by a person who fired a museum's reproduction of this weapon on a cool, dry day. Here are his impressions:

Gas leakage everywhere! Back into your hairline, out the trigger mortise (burns finger on trigger), and it blocks sighting down the barrel of the rifle. After a few shots, you sort of get used to the impression/feeling that the rifle is blowing up in your face. Safety glasses are not optional. Bystanders up to 5 yards away noted being hit by gas and gunk. Would not be fun for the rear rank in a typical period two rank formation as the gas leakage goes both to the left and right of the shooter.

The lock on top of the breech is open to wind, and the stiff breeze kept blowing the sparks to the side of the pan instead of into it causing a lot of misfires. A typical flintlock setup on the side of the barrel blocks wind from the sides from doing this. Hall carbines were all percussion, the first percussion US arms, and probably this wind problem helped motivate the early changeover to caps. We overcame this problem by canting the rifle slightly into the wind.

Filth – It's a good thing the lock is easy to take apart, the whole lock and inside of the stock/lock receiver gets totally caked in residue, necessitating full disassembly. On a workbench, it's easy, but there are a lot of small parts. It is the only US rifle that makes a modern M16 seem easy to clean. The Hall has no hidden crevices though, and a damp rag quickly cleans it up. Trying to clean the rifle in the field would be very difficult, and soldiers would have likely lost parts trying to maintain their rifles. I might try just boiling the lockwork/breech without dis-assembly if I could not easily dis-assemble the lockworks.

Overall, it seems these intriguing guns lay in the arsenals un-used (2000 at Little Rock, 5000 at Benecia, CA, 15,000 at Harpers Ferry in 1861) due to the flaws we noted. They are scary to fire, technically challenging to clean, would require a major change in tactics and formations, and were difficult to make.

Easy to load, no rammer needed, which eliminated a lot of motions required with the standard muzzle-loading arm. The barrel still needs to be elevated about 60 degrees to load the chamber without spilling powder. So therefore, prone loading of the weapon would still be a bit of a challenge, unlike Hall's claims of an advantage of this arm in that regard. Spilling powder down under the lock into the stock would add considerably to the excitement of shooting as will be explained later.

Easy to dis-assemble lock, no tools other than a screwdriver required, the springs are all flat springs and are under little tension when the lock is un-cocked.

The frizzen spring has adjustable tension, a nice feature as the cock has a short throw and the mainspring on this example was not very zippy.

When carefully primed, the rifle fires instantly in spite of the flash hole being nearly vertical. The key was not to allow powder to fill the channel (which is in the center of the pan)
Recoil with the 78 gr. service load and a .530 RB was minimal. So light the first time I fired I thought it was just a spectacular flash in the pan.

I don't think that "no rammer needed" is still the ringing endorsement that it might have been in 1865, and as a weapon for guerrillas this seems to have a lot to be desired. It doesn't work well in rainy or humid conditions, that guy indicates that you'd have to stand to load it, it emits all manner of highly visible gas, requires frequent maintenance to avoid severe issues up to blowing up in one's hands and after all that you get in ideal conditions with a skilled user about nine rounds per minute.

This is no AK-47.

It might as well be for groups that don't have any other option for mass firepower.

That 60 degrees? Sure the rifle needs to be loaded at 60 degrees, but now you don't need to stand out of cover you are crouching behind to load the rifle.

@Dadarian, how's the update going?
 
January 1st, 1926

January 1st, 1926

Teal - Qing Empire
Dark Teal - Qing-aligned Warlords
Light Green - KMT Government
Dark Green - KMT-aligned Warlords
Yellow - Japan
Soviet Red - Russia
Soviet Brown - Mongolia
Pink - Great Britain
Blue - France
Orange - Netherlands
Dark Teal - USA

From August to January, a short five months, China shifted forevermore from a war on one front to a war on another. However, this wouldn't be obvious initially, as the war with Japan concluded in the wake of the Emperor's peace. Many within the international community, and indeed within Japan, did not expect this to occur, and it was hailed as a tremendous victory for the Emperor and increased his influence abroad. Partisans withdrew (or at least stopped attacking) within Fujian while Japan retreated from Canton, leaving the governor Chen Jiongming loyal to the Qing (for lack of a better choice). Although this disturbed the Changsha-KMT, who were expecting to be returned Canton and it's immense industrial capacity, there was nothing to be done in that regard.

With peace now bestowed on the nation by his diplomatic prowess, the Qing Emperor confidently allowed his father, Prince Chun, to have full confidence as Prime Minister to engage in what he willed. Prince Chun took this rope and ran with it, engaging in a multi-faceted campaign to bring about a more centralised and more powerful Empire. The first way was through the reintegration of the remnants of the Fengtian Clique, often now called the Jehol Clique. This was done both my the integration of the Jehol Clique into the command structure of the Qing (Zhang Xueliang being a part of the Central Army Control Group alongside Wu Peifu, Zhang Xun, and Prince Chun). This would be mutually beneficial, as when it was announced that the CACG would be raising both more men for the Imperial Guard and centralised armies within the provinces, the Jehol Clique off-loaded a large section of their archaic weaponry at a minor profit, greatly assisting in the material support of these army expansions and allowing them to be ready to fight by January. Wu, who himself rose two more divisions of ten thousand men each conspicuously did not receive a single rifle over the course of this period of military expansion.

The second way Prince Chun sought to improve the Empire was through cultivating the loyalty of the warlords in which the Empire depended. Seeking to knock two birds with one stone, Prince Chun brokered an agreement with the warlords, as long as the bureaucracy were to pay their taxes to the last coin, the bureaucracy within warlord land could be handled by the warlords directly. This was attractive to the warlords from Jehol to Xinjiang, who all agreed to have greater domestic control. As the taxes rolled in, Beijing was happy, and so were the warlords loyal to Beijing. This contentment would be the perfect time for Wu to advance himself, setting himself up as the leader of the Green Banner Army and becoming the de jure head of all forces west of Shaanxi.

The third manner in which Prince Chun sought to bring about positive change within the Empire was through an industrial expansion with expressive engagement of the regime, holistically taken to include both infrastructure improvements and a greater number of higher learning centres in which to assist in the operation of industrial machinery and business practices. However, this is where the smooth sailing ended, as competitive warlords, primarily those within the Anhui and Jehol Cliques. It began when Wu sent men to woo members of the Jehol Clique into his portion of the army (which was done in conjunction with wooing men from other warlords). Most Jehol men, distinctly loyal to their young master, were insulted at the idea, and reported the actions to young Xueliang. Seeking to circumvent the powerful Marshal Wu, Xueliang cooperated fully with Prince Chun in his industrialisation desires, seeking the use of many of those within the Clique who had industries back in Fengtian who were hired to the Fengtian National Industrial Company, which was little more than a fancy consultation firm for Prince Chun to use at market price. However, Wu undermined this by poaching many of these men with positions within Anhui territory. This in turned launched a cold war between Wu and Xueliang, who competitively spent the rest of the year poaching and re-poaching industrialists, specialists, and engineers from one another. Most of the five months is spent on this horse theft, with these various specialised individuals become immensely rich from the offers taken (sometimes repeatedly) from both sides. In the end, a minor amount of railroad is built extending Beijing to Jehol, as well as the establishment of the University of Gansu, which is more appropriate a technical college akin to the Zuolin School (which also engaged in expansion during this time). Industrial growth is limited to a pair of artillery plants, one in Jehol under that Clique and one in Hefei under Wu.

The last manner in which Prince Chun sought to improve the nation was through diplomatic engagements, which would be a running theme throughout the northern empire. Leveraging Xueliang's contacts within Germany, the Qing manage to secure expansive (and expensive) contracts with various German arms companies alongside the arrival of Alexander von Falkenhausen, who would serve as the primary Qing liaison in which to improve the Imperial armies. This would be an impressive boon, as von Falkenhausen would often ride the train to Jehol to speak with his long time comrade Max Bauer on matters of military and reformative import. But this was not the only source of foreign support within the Empire, as Wu, who had been churning out propaganda both domestically and internationally about the dangers of the Giant Communist Army" within the south, received his own foreign support. This would attract the attention of not only the British and French, who were the traditional bearers of the cross which was managing China, but also the Americans and Portuguese as well, having found themselves in a red panic.

While British ties to Jehol and the Jehol-Anhui rivalry prevented extensive cooperation by the Anglo, the trio of France, America, and Portugal took up the slack by providing military equipment and minor officers in which to assist the keeping Wu's armies the largest in China. Anglo assistance came solely in the arrival of minor naval officers, dispatched in the wake of the reformation of the Beiyang Fleet under Admiral Wu (separate from his position of Marshal Wu). This left the Anhui, Jehol, and the Qing armies would find themselves increasingly westernised, having things such as uniforms, regular pay, regular food, and helmets. Even the historically underwhelming Chinese Navy was brought to some matter of attention, as ships were brought back to port (or sometimes even bought back by the captains who had taken to racketeering) and given a proper refit for what it was.

This militarisation campaign would bring an aura of fear into the southern republic, which had been exacerbated by other domestic issues. What's more, a meeting between Long Jiguang and Li Liejun declaring a national anti-communist pact between the Qing Empire and the K-KMT would send warning signals throughout the C-KMT, sadly their domestic turmoil would not allow them to properly address what was happening just past their borders. Luckily for Zhongkai, earlier in the year the Republic had reformed the Tongmenghui in which to condense and radicalise peasant discontent within the Empire, as well as serving as a patsy organisation in which to funnel intelligence out of it. All the while, the Tongs, newly established in Zhuhai, and the Manchukuon state happily continued doing business as they wanted to.

Du, not at all worried about the Japanese who drove him from his former stronghold, simply engaged himself with making a new stronghold. New brothels, salterns, fireworks workshops, a clinic, recycling depots (in the manner of recovering usable waste from dumps), gunsmiths, and paper mills are created without a batted eye or bated breath. All of which are greedily seen by various Tong bosses as a positive indicator for the increased funds into their pocket. This would be achieved heartily, as it seemed almost every man, woman, and child from an outsider's perspective was either a member of the Tongs, working for the Tongs, or more commonly both. Goods, be they fireworks, firearms, bundles of paper or paper cartridges, or even common crates of salt were all marked with Zhuhai stamps and sold all across Canton and Guangzhou province.

But this success did not stop the ever ambitious Du, who engaged often and fruitfully with the Macao authorities. Offering a mixture of discounted rates and favourable business opportunities, Tong influence within Macao increased greatly. The only issue with their success is that much of Macao was thoroughly infiltrated by Japanese agents, and although they recorded the existence of Du in Macao, they didn't know either of his real place in Zhuhai or care enough (at the moment) to pursue him. This would prove beneficial, as the Green Gang would infiltrate throughout the isle of Taiwan, becoming the premier secret society within the Japanese colony. This would be a hive of secret correspondence between Taiwan and Zhuhai through Macao, often being sold (when and if viable) to the leftist KMT to the north.

Meanwhile in Manchukuo, Zhang Zhongchang happily became the basest warlord in China. Engaging in little more than a campaign of carrot or stick or bigger stick, the new President increased his income tenfold. Organisations and individuals once loyal to the Fengtian Clique were either eaten or eliminated with their assets added to the Presidential treasury. Bandits which had started to become a problem within the north were either integrated into the army or killed off by their fellows after a lieutenant or nine were bribed by Zhongchang, resulting in a rapidly enlarged army, although it was peopled by little more than thugs and thieves. Russian emigres, who lived in fear during much of the Manchurian campaign, were welcomed into the Manchukuon way of life with open arms, with White Russian militas becoming state sponsored paramilitaries with autonomous privileges to live in communes throughout Manchuria. These huge strides in state building, insofar as a legitimised bandit camp is a state, allowed the Manchukuon "army" to patrol regions of Japanese investment (such as the always important enclaves and railroads) with a heavy enough presence to ward off any but the most suicidal or ideological of opponents. Zhongchang's only hiccup would be in Shandong, where the Qing governors held no loyalty to a former one of their own, and the international cities were far above Zhongchang's ability to influence. All the effort netted him was a pair of mixed brigades of bandits, which ironically did much to help Zhongchang's reception within Shandong.

Within the Republic to the south, life continued ever forward as always, President Liao, it sets the backdrop for the rest of China compared to the Republic's elections. With the warlords refusing to partake in the elections, Liao Zhongkai was confident in a super majority secured in cooperation to his Communist allies. With that in mind, Zhongkai engaged in the most ambitious plan to bring up the people of China since the passing of the late Sun Yat-sen. It began with a total overhaul in the taxation structure, replacing many of the archaic or double dipping taxes with a more modern and streamlined taxation system, based on a trio of Georgist style land taxes, a VAT, and a capital gains tax, which is flanked by a petty tax on income and some progressive taxation schemes. This would be mostly successful, as while the taxation structure had money begin to flow it, the flight of whatever business that could to Canton or to the K-KMT meant that both the capital gains and progressive taxation schemes ended up netting little income for the state.

This would be helpful as a mining campaign for the exploitation of ore deposits would see the rise of more than a few mining communes, where land use was efficient and pay distributed within and between the various individuals of the communes. Further, state-funded industrialisation (as what private industrialisation came almost entirely from communes) would see the rise of dams throughout the southern Republic, as very basic hydro dams were established in a radiating pattern from Changsha and Shaoyang. This provided electricity to both the communes and their endeavours, creating a large-scale domestic and uniquely Chinese occurrence where communes, untouched by a dominant government, are allowed to thrive into semi-autarkic polities.

In Changsha, these minerals and electrical generators would contribute to form a train engine factory, the first of its kind in China. Although inefficient, it produced a locomotive a month, which is much faster than anyone else could import outside of Japan (which no one wanted to import from anyways). This gave Zhongkai enough spirit (and funded by his new tax structure) to build a line from Changsha to Hunan, connecting the two most important cities in the Republic to one another.

Zhongkai, high on his success, continued to advance the place of the Chinese worker rapidly, hoping to bring multiple generations of change in a single year. The KMT was opened to the public, demanding only the most nominal of fees for membership, all the while openly and brazenly insulting their wayward brothers within the K-KMT for forsaking the elections that were planned in November, calling them traitors and cowards, which as fruitfully taken up by the CPC who expanded their propaganda laced cat calls to the Qing as well for their lack of action during the war.

Zhongkai, with assistance from the CPC, reached out to their ever present allies in Moscow, and relayed to Stalin the continual need for support, both material and intellectual. While Stalin glowered at the demands that he viewed as imposed on him by the Chinese state, the Soviet propaganda machine continued to print out endless pamphlets on the unique Sino-Soviet relationship, with Chen Duxiu smoothing out all other issues. The dispatching of Zhou Enlai to Moscow, ostensibly to head the CPC educational exchange program, but more often to sooth and speak fine words into the ever increasingly paranoid Stalin, would do much to assist the Republic. To the dismay of the British, Americans, Portuguese, and Japanese, Soviet ships sailed almost daily into one C-KMT port or another, sending automobiles, trains, and tractors to the Republic. This would assist in the limited efforts to mechanise Chinese agriculture, which was on its way within pilot communes when gasoline was available.

However, like Icarus, Zhongkai grappled too much, too quickly. It began with the Republic switching over from the Hanyang 88 to the Howell rifle. Although widely liked within the military, the general production within the nation was not enough to replace the Hanyang in the majority of the units. Further efforts to produce better quality ammunition resulted success, however the amount of ammunition amount was limited, as the factories focused on quality over quantity. While not a large failure, it was simply the beginning of what was to come.

Next would be an attempt to solicit trade from the international community, sending Tang Shaoyi out to elicit from the powers that be trade contracts while lowering both taxes and tariffs for the year. Shaoyi would be thoroughly rebuked, if he was even ever addressed, in all ports of call outside of Moscow. It seemed that the international community, through the radical changes happening within the Republic as well as the propaganda seeping from without, have bought into the idea that the Republic was a communist state worthy only of being replaced by military force with one more conducive to the established norms and accepted ways of the world.

This idea of communist rule within the Republic would be cemented by many during the debacle of the creation of the Revolutionary Committee of the KMT. A special interests body meant to be a source of political and intellectual pressure on the KMT to keep it left, it would quickly become subsumed by communists. The CPC, although not in direct ownership of the Committee, often dictated to the body its talking points, undermining Zhongkai's assertion that the KMT was a whole autonomous organisation. Rumours were whispered about that the actions of the KMT were not due to those collectively inclined within the party, but rather those communists from the CPC that ran it from the shadows. Although many of these rumours seemed to have originated from K-KMT agents who were within Changsha or Hunan, it was too late as doubt of the KMT and faith in the CPC increased.

Chinese anarchists from Canton, like Li Shizeng and Cai Yuanpei, would take this time to make a break. Pre-empting the hand which was about to reach out from Zhongkai, the two would form the Chinese Brotherhood of Anarchists, or the CBA. Led by Li Shizeng, a violently anti-communist anarchist thinker, spewed rhetoric denouncing the KMT and preaching the need for the communes to rise among themselves and establish a brotherhood of equals free from statist control.

Seeking to pre-empt what was seen as rising anti-KMT rhetoric, an extensive and expansive list of labour rights were passed into law. Chinese workers in the Republic not only had eight hour, five day work weeks, but they had paid vacation, fifteen holidays a year, complete freedom of association, right to organise, and the creation of living wage alongside the abolition of child labour. However, this would result in a huge backblast, as Zhongkai opened a severe can of worms. State factory directors began to complain about the inability to meet governmental quotas due to the sudden loss of productivity, unions associated with both the communist and anarchist movements went up immediately, and many communes issued complaints about not being allowed to have their children working the field during harvest time.

Things spiralled there, as open air literacy classes would be increasingly hijacked by either communist or anarchist speakers, who would seek to teach the peasants their true way, and explain their rights. Often CPC speakers would take to the classes to explain the rights to the people, and implicitly encouraging the peasants to strike for better wages before being pushed out by the designated teachers. KMT speakers would sometimes brawl in competition with the communists or anarchists, and the open air classes, while admirable, would sometimes fall to rioting as peasants fled before a mixture of KMT, anarchist, and/or communist thugs.

The final straw would be the creation and usage of of a fiat Republican Chinese dollar alongside the older silver backed yuan. The idea of a currency not backed by anything was revolutionary, and not in a good way as the Central Bank (newly refitted in printers to handle monetary affairs) had a run on most of its locations as a mixture of terrified peasants and surprised lower officials tried to take out as much money as possible in silver yuan. Unable to fulfill the requests of so many people and unwilling to engage in inflationary policies, the Central Bank battened it's doors instead. This resulted in turn in a collapse of confidence in the CRD, as it was deemed useless. Communes, increasingly turned to the idea of anarchism, increasingly dealt in barter while within Changsha and Hunan the factory workers were paid with paper money, which they often traded as soon as possible to those that valued them for what circulating yuan was still available, or for goods that had barter value. While the currency collapse was momentary (awaiting an arrival of confidence in the CRD), it was during this time that the election was held.

Once seen as a lock in for the KMT, Zhongkai watched as his campaigners reported increasingly negative responses. Tong-backed KMGT callers would insult then brawl communists in the forums and markets of the cities of Guangdong, all while both the CPC and anarchists reported increased gains. Further, messengers from Xikang gave news that the singular loyal warlord, Liu Wenhui, refused to implement many of the labour reforms passed into law by the KMT. However, Zhongkai would breath a sigh of relief as he would be returned as President of the Republic. However the KMT would lose their majority within the Yuan, as the parliamentary body (long rump since the departure of the K-KMT aligned KMGT) would return a highly divided set of politicians. About equal seats would be returned to the KMT and the CPC (46% and 44% respectively) while the anarchists would take a solid 7% of the seats and the KMGT reduced to a tiny 3% of the seats. With the anarchists not willing to work with either of the larger parties, it fell on the KMGT to be the coalition, should either party want to formally oppose one another.

With the results of the fraught election in, President Zhongkai rested back for a moment. That is until a messenger burst into his office screaming. The warlord of Xikang was assassinated, and the K-KMT were pouring over the border. At the same time, Du was informed via correspondence with his good friend Chiang Kai-shek that he had just been given an army of recruits in which to fight the communists who had infiltrated the Republic and sought to undermine it forevermore. For hidden to all the K-KMT had further decentralised their military to create a rough confederation of warlords, allowing for one final intake of conscripts. Communist cells were often sent in, but never came out as the various warlords developed a series of linked agencies which were hyper vigilant of cell activity and was popularly supported by the landowners and lumpenproletariet peasants that have been taught the evils of communism for years.

The armies of the K-KMT rushed across the border, and in the confusion of the death of Liu Wenhui seized the state with little fighting. Some limited communist cells were in the mountainous province, however Xikang was the most reticent to engage in communalisation and thus the least influenced by KMT policy. Further, an army under Bai Chongxi, with assistance from Liu Xiang, Liu Wenhui's kin, who leveraged his own family connections in order to quickly secure the familial loyalty within the C-KMT enclave, ensured that the province fell within the month. From there, news flooded in. Li Liejun had taken part of his army and attacked West in search of friendly lines, which they attained having met a pair of armies under Tang Jiyao and Chiang Kai-shek. The only good news prior to the end of the year would be the defeat of Lu Rongting's army on the border, having been ambushed by a mixture of communist militias and mobilised commune workers and sent reeling in defeat. This would leave an impression on Liu Xiang, who would not launch an attack by the end of the year in order to double his strength with what was left of Lu Rongting's forces.

Over the course of five months, China shifted from war, to peace, and back to war. However this war would test the ties that bind, many already stretched from years of mutual hatred and distaste. All the while, Chinese peasants across Guangdong purchased for themselves the one and only Zhuhai Boar Rifle, good for a shot and a charge, but one that's cheaper to privately own than Hanyang 88 and better than the spears and swords of yonder year.

Who do you support?


Changsha-KMT China:

Liao Zhongkai: Han Politician, Left-KMT, President of the Republic of China, Special Plenipotentiary of Industry of the Republic of China.
Mikhail Borodin: Russian expat and general of the KMT. Borrowed from the Soviets until 1927.
Tang Shaoyi: Han politician, Left-KMT, Special Plenipotentiary of Diplomacy of the Republic of China.

Kunming-KMT China:

Li Liejun: Han General, Warlord of the Jiangxi Clique, and KMT-aligned warlord.
Tang Jiyao: Yunnanese Warlord, Leader of the Yunnan Clique, and KMT-aligned warlord.
Lu Rongting: Zhuang General, Warlord of the Nanning Clique, KMT-aligned warlord.
Liu Xiang: Han General, Warlord of the Sichuan Clique, KMT-aligned warlord.
Chiang Kai-shek: Han Leader of the Kemingtang. ex-Political Governor of Shanghai.
Bai Chongxi: Hui Warlord, ex-leader of the Landowner Revolt in Guangdong.

Qing China:

Duan Qirui: Han General, and disgraced member of the Imperial Court.
Ma Fuxiang: Hui Warlord, Leader of the Ma Clique. Noted reactionary.
Yang Zhengxin: Han General, Leader of the Xinjiang Clique. Noted monarchist.
Wu Peifu: Han General, Leader of the Greater Zhili Clique, Marshal of the Qing. Powerful member of the Imperial Court.
Zhang Xun: Han General, Leader of the Manchu Restoration Movement, member of the Imperial Court. Lord of the Privy Seal.
Prince Chun: Manchu Prince, father of the Qing Emperor. Prime Minister of the Qing.
Xu Shichang: Han statesman, propaganda minister.
Zhang Xueliang: Han General, the Young Marshal, Leader of the Jehol Clique.

Manchukuo:

Zhang Zongchang: Han Warlord, former bandit, "Basest Warlord in China", and leader of the Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo.

Tong Zhuhai:

Du "Big-Eared Du" Yuesheng: Han mob boss who has a controlling interest in Zhuhai and worked with elements of the Republicans. Ties with elements of the Chinese Revolutionary Party (Kemingtang).

Communist Party of China:

Chen Duxiu: Han Leader of the CPC, Leader of the CPC within the Yuan.
Zhang Guotao: Han General of the CPC-KMT, Commander-and-Chief of the Republic of China.
Zhou Enlai: Han diplomat and educator, CPC's ideological Mr. Fix-It.

Chinese Brotherhood of Anarchists:

Li Shizeng: Han leader of the CBA, virulent anti-communist. Anarchist thinker.
Cai Yuanpei: Han anarchist thinker and philosopher.
 
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Ah. Ok, ok. I'm now converted to the wonders of the percussion cap. Will include that in my plan.

Also...bwahahahahaha! I just asked @Dadarian what happened to the update and the next thing you know, BOOM!

Update here! :rofl::lol:rofl::lol
 
[X] Cai Yuanpei: Han anarchist thinker and philosopher.
- [X] Spread anarchism to the urban factory workers
- [X] Create ties between anarchist agricultural communes and anarchist industrial complexes
- [X] Begin laying out the principles of an anarchist military force, trying to determine how to create an effective military that won't end up as just another warlord government ruling the nominally anarchist territory.
- [X] Find ways to make child labor less necessary so that both boys and girls might be properly educated. In particular, improving youth literacy is a long-term necessity, as political engagement is easier when you can read and write.

Let's try to shake things up a bit and see how long it lasts before it's inevitably betrayed by its allies and crushed by its neighbors.
 
Ah. Ok, ok. I'm now converted to the wonders of the percussion cap. Will include that in my plan.

Also...bwahahahahaha! I just asked @Dadarian what happened to the update and the next thing you know, BOOM!

Update here! :rofl::lol:rofl::lol

Yeah, the weather here is awful, we've had nothing but wildfire smoke. It kills the desire to write. That said, I did manage to get it out in one piece. I also think it was our largest update yet on pure word count but I'm not 100% sure.
 
Yeah, the weather here is awful, we've had nothing but wildfire smoke. It kills the desire to write. That said, I did manage to get it out in one piece. I also think it was our largest update yet on pure word count but I'm not 100% sure.

You're in California?

*hugs*

Stay away from the fires.

Ok. Question time:

Is Nantou county, Xiangshan county, and Shenzhen town completely Tong-controlled territory at this point?

What happened to the clinic? Why no mention of the clinic?

What happened to the project of syncretizing Socialism and Capitalism?

Is the 65-35 Portuguese Majority Brokerage Firm accepted and already set up? If so, may it be mentioned that the location is in Macao?

Is the 65-35 Portuguese Majority Insurance Company accepted and already set up? If so, may it be mentioned that the location is in Macao?

Are the 65-35 Portuguese Majority Fish Farms accepted and already set up? If so, may it be mentioned that the location be in Xiangshan, Zhuhai and Nantou County?
 
Fukken CPC, they ruined everything yet again.
You know why I love being Communist?
Whatever happens, I know that in the end I'll win.
Marx said so and he can't be wrong.
:cool:

:p

Japan retreated from Canton, leaving the governor Chen Jiongming loyal to the Qing (for lack of a better choice). Although this disturbed the Changsha-KMT, who were expecting to be returned Canton and it's immense industrial capacity, there was nothing to be done in that regard.
Yeah, this is really disturbing. If I knew this was going to happen, I would order partisans around Canton to take the city the moment Japanese leaves and ask new governor to consider joining the Republic or running away, pretty please.
 
You know why I love being Communist?
Whatever happens, I know that in the end I'll win.
Marx said so and he can't be wrong.
:cool:

:p


Yeah, this is really disturbing. If I knew this was going to happen, I would order partisans around Canton to take the city the moment Japanese leaves and ask new governor to consider joining the Republic or running away, pretty please.

It is a good thing the Qing just got British help rebuilding its navy so it can supply Canton and naval bombard attempts to take it back.
 
@Dadarian I got a couple of question for you.

First, how much of the failure about expanding Qing's industry came from plans working against each other and how much came from bad rolls?
Second, when did you decide that Canton would end up in Qing's hands and how well guarded is it at the moment?
Third, how many men did prince Chun raise?
Fourth, is there any sort of monks in Qing China, that could be convinced to speak out against communists amongst the peasants?
Fifth, does Alexander von Falkenhausen has any advice for prince Chun about the state of Qing's armies and their capability to conduct war against C-KMT?
Sixth, how hard would it be to get Japan to give us military access, so we could march down along the coast to attack C-KMT that way and how bad might it make Qing look?

@VoidZero @ZealousThoughts @Terrafirma
Well, it seems that K-KMT has started fighting the C-KMT and that they are winning, at least for now. If we also take in account of how Qing's buildup of military strength at least seemed to have gone well and the internal chaos in C-KMT, then I think that this is the perfect to for Qing and K-KMT to team up to take C-KMT and CPC down, we just need a plan of attack.

Besides either crossing Japan's or K-KMT's territory, then I can see two ways for the Qing to attack. The first is to invade C-KMT from where Qing share a border with them until Qing reaches the land already occupied by K-KMT. The second way to attack C-KMT is by sea, since we could use the Qing navy to attack C-KMT's coastline and to reinforce and attack from Canton.

You might wonder why it Qing could not just cross K-KMT's territory to attack C-KMT that way, then it is because I want it to be easy to split the land we take from C-KMT between us, since we are unlikely in the longterm to stay allied to each other, if we success in defeating C-KMT and CPC. We could of course simply agree on a way to split the land now, instead of simply using that whom conquer the land gets to keep it.

So what do you think?
 
Welp. This looks quite bad. Let's hope the Republic doesn't go the way the Spanish one did...

[X]Liao Zhongkai
-[X] Plan War for Rights
1. The military will reform in the following manner (Cheng Qian):
- Zhang Guotao will be asked to step down as Special Plenipotentiary of War, replaced by Cheng Qian.
- Increased numbers of sniper teams shall be trained, with Cheng Qian foreign officers and experienced guerrillas creating a doctrine (squad-level, supporting snipers, with emphasis on camouflage) for their use. Billy Sing and any companions will be invited (trip/housing/job given) to help organize the manner of use of and train more snipers.
- Borodin and the Bureau of Supply will work to ensure the army's supply lines and support units work efficiently and have greater capacity (that is, that they can still work correctly if the army/land expands greatly) and ensure there is no corruption in it. (Mikhail Borodin)
- A plan for army modernization will be made and applied, using knowledge from foreign officers, and our own experienced ones, with the aim of further modernizing the army and training, while still keeping the "irregular" formations and the doctrine as is.

2. The industrial advantage must be kept, so the military industry shall be expanded in three ways: An expansion of Howell production, enough to supply the NRA by end of the year. At the same time, artillery and airforce production will be expanded as much as possible. Standardized production of more usual equipment (uniforms, helmets, binoculars, grenades, sights, radios, knives, cavalry equipment... etc) shall also be developed. Any spare/unused trains shall be turned into armored trains, while industry shall be supplemented by buying limited amounts of "rocket launchers" from Zhuhai Fireworks (paying with silver, gold, or jade).

3. The military industry of the Left-KMT is the finest in China- however, it is still largely artesanal and inefficient. It must be reformed to gain more efficiency and production, and free up further manpower. Thus, it will be mechanized/automated as much as possible (if proyections say production will increase, and there are enough resources), electrification shall be continued, and industrial expertise (foreign, Soviet, Chinese…) used to be more efficient (assembly lines, etc). Factory quotas shall be slightly lowered so that they are possible to reach while following industrial laws, and the idea that strikes in military industries can only be done after negotiation has failed be insisted upon, particularly in this time of war (without using military force against workers).

4. The Republic is currently on the defensive, and internally divided. Unity must be achieved without repression (Liao Zhongkai and Soong Ching-Ling):
- The Republic is currently at war: Issue an internal call for unity and cooperation to defend the fragile freedoms China has achieved.
- Left-KMT members will be used to spread propaganda in all areas. To aid this, the Revolutionary Commitee will dissolve itself, declaring that there is no need for top-down internal party-pressure groups, as the party's decisions must be made in a collective, democratic manner. At the same time, KMT members will be encouraged to create party organizations (charity, education, medicine...) including pressure groups (peasant, urban workers, intellectuals, centrists...). To aid in this, anti child-work laws shall be provisionally lowered in rural areas, with children older than 12 allowed to work.
- The United Front will continue, with Zhang Guotao stepping down as SP of War, and Chen Duxiu being named President of the Examination Yuan, reforming it to his standards. The war effort will be fought together, using miltary forces in conjunction.

5. Persecution of the War:
- The war this year will mostly be fought on the defensive, in C-KMT territory, where the citizens will hopefully voluntarily support the military effort. Thus, should any offensives come, the response will be a delaying defense-in-depth (using the superior mobility of irregulars) strategy with partisan support when possible. As artillery numbers are in their favour, operations will be done so that the small-arms and home territory advantage can be best used. Two offensives shall be done:
-One from the South to Changsha will be done to defeat the K-KMT there, while a breakout attempt from the North (with reserves and militias holding the city and area, expecting attack from both Qing and K-KMT) will aid in the fight. The objectives of this operation are to reconnect with Changsha, Shaoyang, and the trapped army, and if possible, eliminate the armies in this sector as a fighting force. Should this be done, then an encirclement campaign against the forces in Jiangxi will be done, with the objective of defeating the enemy in that province.
- One South at the start of the year, with the idea of winning before Qing reinforcements arrive, retaking Canton, attempting to provoke a riot/rebellion in it to aid the assault. Any industry retaken shall be moved well out of range of naval guns.
- Organise and supply partisans (Tongmenghui, communists, etc) wherever possible, in all areas of China.
- Use the partisans to blow up the Qing railroad, in as many places as possible, and to carry out attacks on supply lines and weak military forces all around China, as well as organizing insurrections and revolts if they think they can last.
- Promise and give good conditions to surrendering soldiers and rewards to anyone that comes with information/intelligence.
- The general use of the airforce will be attacking supply, doing recon, and bombing military targets, though if there is a battle, they will be rerouted to support.

6. The National Revolution has gone hot, so a larger army is necessary:
- Expand the NBIS, to aid in intelligence operations and partisan/guerilla creation.
- Issue calls for more soldiers to join the army, as many as possible (experienced workers in areas pertinent to the war effort shall not be allowed to join). Raise pay and conditions slightly, and create military orphanages and pensions to make the Army more attractive. Should there be a need of low-ranking officers, they shall either be elected, or chosen by the officer above. The support groups shall be expanded accordingly, and the supply forces greatly expanded.
- In areas under attack, call for mass mobilization, with volunteer militias being armed and trained, and civilians asked to voluntarily fortify cities and military positions under threat, and help produce war materiel and food ("victory gardens") . In particular, mobilize the city of Changsha. Use local C-KMT members/sympathizers and soldiers to help organize them.
- Organize mobile officer training, with groups of teachers, and wounded/crippled officers/veterans, training unprepared/untrained officers.


For everyone: as always, critique/suggestions welcome
---

I also think it was our largest update yet on pure word count but I'm not 100% sure.

Yep, by 1.1K words.

Now, a quibble and some questions:

*
-- Reform the Chinese Central bank to be more efficient and work better, and to combat inflation while still using the silver yuan. At the same time, it will create a new unit of currency, named the Republican Chinese Dollar, which will be accepted as legal tender by the Goverment, but not convertible to silver (fiat money). It will be accepted as legal tender for taxation (to show confidence in it), and initially given the same value as the silver yuan. It will not be printed on a massive scale, to avoid high inflation.

The final straw would be the elimination of the silver backed yuan in favour of a fiat Republican Chinese dollar.
The idea wasn't to swich currencies, it was to do like Zuolin did historically:
A number of currencies were circulating in the province, as was the custom in China, and the paper notes issued by the provincial government had experienced a steady depreciation in value. Wang decided to switch to a silver standard and set the initial value of the new silver yuan equal to the Japanese gold yen, which was accepted throughout Korea and Manchuria. Much to the surprise of the Chinese the new currency even gained in value against the gold yen, although Japanese businessmen claimed that it was not backed up by sufficient silver reserves. Wang then used the newly gained credibility to introduce another note, the Fengtian dollar, which was not convertible into silver anymore. However, it was accepted by the government for the payment of taxes, a sign of faith in its own currency.
And have two official currencies around at the same time, one that was sure to be stable (silver) and one to make sure there was always money when necessary. Apologies if I was unclear.

* What amount of the military uses Howell guns curently? How long would it take, at the current rate of production, and assuming no losses , for Howells to be standard equipment?
*On which side of the frontline are the officers from the Changsha officer school? Or were they captured?
---

@Shaseyu
Coalition or opposition? Any changes you want to do?

---

@The Sandman
Given that Cai Yuanpei was member of the KMT OTL, as were most of the CBA, would you accept a temporary United Front, until the war is not so threatening? Cai Yunpei can be made Minister of Education, and attempt to reform it on the French model, as he did historically (but without using it to spread propaganda in schools, and if anti-religiousness could be toned down a bit, that would help in not alienating the population).
 
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