Something worth noting is that the 15th-century Catholic Church was generally far more concerned with heresy than it was with allegations of witchcraft: which were viewed as superstitious nonsense at best, actual heresy* at worst.
I don't think
@Astrid Fornhoff 's post was specifically part of the Castlevania discussion, but a general statement.
And as a general statement, it is of course absolutely true. Of course, the witch burnings did not happen, as people often say, during the middle age,s but explicitly not there but the early modern age... but then, I guess in people's minds, "the middle ages" is anything before Napoleon anyway. In the Middle Ages, belief in witchcraft was absolutely treated as heresy, at least in theory, though not actually widely prosecuted as such (but then, in the Early Middle Ages, which is kinda like half of them, the Church didn't really have any
institutions for enforcement, or even just any structures at all independent from worldly rulers). But that absolutely changed in the early modern age. From the 16th to 18th centuries witch burnings absolutely were part of the usual legal code, the existence of witches was seen as an obvious fact, and you periodically had witch burning crazes that saw measurable, visible
population losses to single cities or areas. And while that went on in both Catholic and Protestant areas, Catholic areas burned far more witches, and worst of all were the lands directly ruled by bishops or monasteries.
Of course, saying that woman were targeted because "they were scientists and against the patriarchy" is wrong, because there was no real targetting at all, but we can all imagine, and that is in fact backed by the sources, just which sort of woman would most easily get accused of witchcraft.
*Accepting the existence of witchcraft also requires accepting the existence of magic which can be performed by humans outside of the auspices of God's will. Which is a huge no-no in Catholic theology*
Was a huge no-no. Evil sorcery is explicitly mentioned in the Bible - King Saul visited a necromancer who even managed to raise the dead spirit of a
prophet. So it is trivial to argue for the canonical existence of sorcery from there. And that was the view that became consensus in the early modern age. And I mean, that sort of
is more in line with, well, everything else. Christianity has always recognized evil possession, for example, with Christians explicitly having the power to drive out demons. But if evil spirits can possess people, without that raising the argument of whether God would allow it, why can't there also be sorcery?