So, finally back at my desktop (and have a few minutes off).
Mad Science is a mindset, rather than some sort of pseudomagic; their results are entirely attributable to a distinctly different approach to the scientific method which is far more effective than normal, but requires several distinct personality traits that a non-mad scientist by definition does not have. Given this, theoretically anyone could become a mad scientist, given the correct formative events.
A Mad Scientist can sort of drag non-mad help along through this bizarre methodology of theirs through sheer force of personality, but if a normal person tries to replicate it without assistance their psychological preconceptions and hangups will get in the way, preventing them from doing so effectively. Of course, it's quite possible to break past these psychological barriers, but in the process of doing so that person quickly becomes a Mad Scientist themselves.
Yes, PCs can die.
Unlike in all my previous riot quests though, that's not necessarily the end, as it is quite possible to revive a deceased character through the power of SCIENCE!
That said, death does represent an opportunity to make a new character; if you do so, all attempts to revive your previous character will either fail or result in an NPC.