The question is whether or not TMs even exist in the anime-verse, as we've never seen them in the main series. If Paul isn't using TMs however, then he's clearly teaching his Pokemon TM-only moves through some other method anyways, so it's likely he has some way of going about teaching moves regardless.
It's an interesting topic, certainly. As said, at the very least, it is a matter of accomplishing the same results simply through different means when the anime is compared to the games. The absence of TM's in the anime is also only a non-positive, not actually going
against the existence of TM's, so there's ample room for them to just be considered something that indeed simply isn't on-screen as a legitimate explanation for something that does rather imply a need for justification; Pokemon also has some pretty surreal and altogether idiosyncratic technology, too, especially where pokemon are concerned, so it does fit in perfectly well enough. It also, though, has some further implications when considered through the perspective of greater realism, because TM-like moves are indeed present, and a lack of game mechanics means that
all TM's could well be much more available than the largely single-use as the are for a player, instead perhaps being more like they seem to be for gym leaders where their corresponding TM's are found across their teams. Some TM's can be purchased without limit in-game, but only a select few; in a story medium instead of game medium, though, who knows, maybe maybe someone rich enough might be able to outfit a whole team with a favourite move.
A further consideration on TM's though, they might have some sort of regulation, which could further blend together medium styles; maybe TM's can indeed outright be manufactured, but a player might not get many in multiples for TM's in general just not being terribly accessible for someone in the player's position. It could also cast a contrast with Gym Leaders, who indeed are prominent figures in society as both recognised leaders of sorts and authority figures carrying responsibilities, plus they are outright intended to help develop
other trainers too, so them maybe having greater access through one means or another might make a good deal of sense. Gym Leaders might even be involved in the process of making the TM's, too, for that matter, which brings up an intriguing point in and of itself.
How
are TM's or whatever their actual analogue is made? In-universe, all of the information we can take for granted had to be discovered, and people learn new things about pokemon every day, so maybe there's some sort of interesting process by which new moves are discovered and made available.
They then pull out salt, and that gets eaten too, while Mawile!me is just enjoying the meal.
Another curiosity, pokemon taste preferences are something that comes up in-universe no small amount. What does a Mawile like to eat, and what does this
particular example of the type like to eat? Thus far, eating has mostly just been something of a bland, literally tasteless chore than something enjoyable, but pokemon taste preferences and ideal nutritional guidelines are Serious Business in the world of Pokemon, refined to a science with a serious industry and applied practice behind it. In-game, flavours correlate to pokemon natures, but that's a game mechanic... unless maybe it isn't? Or maybe it isn't
just a game mechanic? Who knows, maybe another Mawile might be encountered who indeed has quite different preferences even if possessed of the same dietary needs. Just as well, though, I wouldn't be a bit surprised if there are particular berries adored by Mawile, which might make a tasty treat at some point in the story... assuming that the mouth that
can taste is used, anyway.
Now I'm half wondering if there's going to be some wacky scheme with Team Rocket trying to kidnap an unfairly insightful special Mawile and trying to use "enough" food to placate their target in what is actually something of a scam going the other way. I don't envy whoever foots the bill trying to sate
this thing's appetite with ever more deluxe poffins, or whatever, especially since even the undesirable ones can still just go down the hatch of the second mouth... which incidentally might well be faced directly towards the hapless fools spying behind their quarry in all its snappy toothiness.
I'm not sure if Ash has ever had to deal with a scenario like that exactly, but I can imagine what his reaction would be - throwing himself directly into the fray in an attempt to stop anyone from getting hurt. Which he'll likely manage to emerge from mostly unscathed, despite all logic insisting he shouldn't.
*remembers watching Pokemon: The First Movie the first time as a kid* Nope, no, that way lies Pikachu crying. Can't have that. I mean, yeah, he'll somehow inevitably get better every single time, but still. I guess that just means that that Ursaring will have to be eaten by surprise before that can happen, otherwise it'll mean having to go through some huge affair to track down Jirachi or something, and that just sounds like such a hassle. Truly, eating problems away is the answer.
True... to a degree. However, aside from a certain other issue, something that I think a lot of people may be forgetting is just how much
space there is between cities in the anime (as would naturally make sense). Keep in mind that in the games, a route from one of the starting towns to the next might take maybe half a minute to pass through, assuming no battles occur to interrupt you. In the anime however, the same route will take
days, if not
weeks to pass through, and generally isn't even a straight line.
This is Route 202 in the games, while
THIS is a
small section of it in the anime. The rest of it includes fields, hills, and multiple forests, including the one Mawile!me has been stuck in for a week. It's crucial to remember that outside the context of the games, the regions are in fact
regions, large enough that they take people many months to fully explore/cross on foot.
...now add on that you're two feet tall and have a giant set of paperweights attached to your head, and perhaps the problem with the idea of "just leave and walk your way to the nearest city" begins to become more apparent.
It's close enough that the prospect of Ash turning around and heading back to Professor Rowan should that kind of scenario play out might be viable, at least, more of a side mission than a full-on quest in its own right as might be the case if things had happened elsewhere. It does bring up an interesting idea, though, because scale is both important and perhaps rather odd. The world of Pokemon is supposed to be something of a parallel to Japan, but how well do distances correlate? Too, how do the days themselves factor? Time is also kind of weird here, with the days being acknowledge to
maybe be shorter, but ambiguous in that regard, so the distance of "a few days' travel" might vary dramatically. Unless the scale is really,
really big, though, it also could have some interesting implications for the actual effectiveness of less mundane means of transportation, because even a big flying pokemon traveling at something of a realistic pace compared to a normal bird of maybe thirty to forty kilometers per hour or so might get around pretty well, and literal outright teleportation is a thing too. Travel over the seas might be somewhat tricky though; even if the distances do correlate analogously to real-world Japan, other pokemon might make travel time not actually based on distance much. Latios and Latias could probably show up basically anywhere in short order, though; being able to go supersonic has its perks.
That said, crossing
any distance could be a daunting prospect. I don't think the comparative level differences of the local pokemon by particular area is actually a thing here, outside of game mechanics, because you might indeed have the likes of a great big Ursaring firing off freaking Hyper Beams just a short ways into the journey. Good luck getting far without plot armour or Pokemon-God's backing if you're counting entirely on one lonesome pokemon practically fresh from its egg.