That's an interesting twist, but given the utter cut throat nature of politics in that universe, nobody would ever let them.
Somebody would have shown up to finish the job, just to make sure the Quarians stayed down.
Shit like the Genophage shows that there's definitely somebody out there plenty happy to drop a strategic plague or two to make sure another species doesn't become a threat. A well placed virus to finish off any survivors on the planet, that as a bonus leaves the AI boogeyman in place to keep the Fleet on the run.
Not if the Rannochian Quarians had to essentially rebuild their orbital infrastructure from scratch with heavily-damaged population centers. Even with Geth assistance, it would probably have taken a century to even get spaceflight going again, and the story the Quarian Migrant Fleet told the -rest- of the galaxy is exactly what they did in canon: "The Geth killed everyone, we're all that's left, please save us!"
And the galaxy pointed at them and went "HAHAHAHANOPE".
Meanwhile, the Rannochian quarians, with the assistance of their geth 'children', have rebuilt, probably re-armed in case of the Fleet coming back to 'finish the job', and have been waiting in isolationist, possibly xenophobic fear ever since.
Not having the issue of being limited to their ships and having still properly working resistance to diseases and so on, those Rannochian Quarians would probably outnumber the Migrant Fleet's ...
Quite probably they might outnumber the Fleet's numbers by over a hundred to one, if not a thousand to one. And with the Geth on their side, there'd be no farkin' way for the Fleet to survive that conflict.
Yeah, if that happened, the fleet based Quariens would be completely boned. The would be outnumbered, out gunned and, considering that they wouldnt have been under the thumb of the Council, potentially even out teched. It would actually be genuinely fascinating to do a story like that where the Rannochian Quarians basically decided to fuck teh Council and stayed within 'Geth' space to rebuild, which would allow them to advance more naturally. With any luck, cooler heads would prevail at the meeting, but considering what most of the known Quarians in the games think of the Geth, I dont think thats likely, even if the Rannochian Quarians would likely be willing to give their cousins a chance. In this senario they are hooked up to logic run AI after all and no logical person should blame a group for what their ancestors did.
Yup. Pretty much what I expect. ^^ Though it might be an interesting alternate scenario where instead of the Fleet winning, the Geth corralled them, and they got put on trial by the Rannochian Quarians, after a decade or three. Brought in, tried for war crimes against the Geth and their fellow Quarians, the hardline anti-geth Militarists given -harsh- sentences, and the Quarians basically moving on as a species on par with the Batarians, if not more potent, given that they'd have the Geth as their willing, even eager allies.