What Can SV Teach an Sorcerer in the Mesolithic?

0. Status, Basics, Summaries, & Tech List
0
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                         NOTICES
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Cacophonous Interlude is NOT active
  (Bianca does NOT hear what you write right now)
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Next story update : soon, I hope
Next vote closing : TBD
Progress toward next update : 2,724 words
We're on step 5: reading & composition of in-line replies
Total words in 'what Bianca's been told' notes : 3,119
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Anything I post that's not in vote options, quote boxes,
code blocks or in spoilers may be understood to be said
by Bianca.
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Players do not need to use code blocks or spoilers
outside of cacophonous interludes

If you use code blocks, please limit yourself to 32 lines
and your lines to 57 characters, so that people on mobile
can read them without scrolling within the code block
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You can quote other sources, but I don't want this to 
turn into Plagiarism Quest.

You're not discouraged from using outside reference
material or quoting other sources. When you do, please
cite your sources in spoilers or a code box.

Please do not use Large Language Model assistants like
ChatGPT or similar to compose your effortposts. I mean
for this game to be about communication, not prompt
engineering.

Thank you.



Check the summaries in this status post and read the latest story post in the Threadmarks to get a rough idea of where things are at.

If you're not already involved in the game and you want to get right into it without digging through the back catalog, consider doing this:
  1. Read the summaries in this Status Post.
  2. Pull up the latest Threadmark.
  3. Skip to the line that says "B R E A K."
  4. Skim from there to get an idea of what's going on.

If there's no Closing The Vote post in the Informationals corresponding to the latest Threadmarks, then the game is in a Cacophonous Interlude and Bianca will hear what you post, unless you post inside spoilers or code boxes. The NOTICES portion at the top of this post should also tell you if the game is in a Cacophonous Interlude.

If the game is not in a Cacophonous Interlude, you can still post. It's just that Bianca can't hear you. You might still want to post so you can coordinate with other players, make suggestions, ask questions, and propose plans. You can compose a message to Bianca all whether or not the game is in a Cacophonous Interlude. And once the game returns to a Cacophonous Interlude, you can vote and/or send a message to Bianca by creating a post in the thread.

If you want to vote, simply do so as you would in other quests on this board. You may look at other players' votes to see how yours should be formatted. And you may check the tally to see that yours are counted as you intend them. I should find the 'how to vote' general post and link it here, I guess.

If you want to send a message to Bianca, keep in mind that she is a creature of another time. She may not understand what you mean if you don't take the time to make it clear. This game rewards and demands work from its players. When a player wants to introduce a concept or tool or technology to Bianca, that player will probably need to expend effort to explain it carefully, and take into consideration the limits of her understanding of the world. You might even need to consider her biases and values.

I think this is similar enough to Graeber's 'interpretive labor' that we can use the term colloquially to describe what is being asked of players. Put yourself in the mind of Bianca and ask yourself how such a person can be made to understand what you want to tell her.

Bianca has different values than we do. She has different assumptions about the world and objects and forces within it. Her goals may not align directly with number-go-up or color-get-big gaming agendas. But she wants power and will listen most attentively to players that tell her how to get more of or closer to what she wants.

Keep in mind that you players are not trusted advisors. You're the Astute Cacophony: voices that Bianca mostly can't tell apart from each other.

If the total amount of player-generated content gets to be more than I can handle either because there are so many players or because player posts get so long, I will set a cap. At this time, I intend that the cap will be some total number of characters, with each player who speaks to Bianca having access to an equal share. Unused share gets divided up among the rest of the players until it runs out. If each player's share seems too small, I will also set a limit on the number of players Bianca will hear in a Cacophonous Interlude. And priority will be assigned based on post order.

I guess ideally the story doesn't attract so many people who want to guide the uplift that I have to set these limits.

I do not at this time plan to set a limit on voting players. I don't see how that could get out of hand on a niche quest like this.
  1. I post and Threadmark a story update that has 3 parts:
    • Bianca's responses to player posts made during the last Cacophonous Interlude, followed by 'B R E A K'
    • An update by Bianca following a hiatus of varying length but usually some number of years, covering what she believes is worth mentioning
    • Requests by Bianca for direction on a number of issues, which the players will provide in the form of votes
  2. Following each story update, players' posts are audible to Bianca until voting is closed.
    This is the Cacophonous Interlude.
    • Players may convey any information they can represent in text.
    • No images, sounds, or hyperlinks will get through (this is my limitation, not a limitation of the game, so please do not try to transcend it with clever protocol tricks).
    • Players may use spoilers or code blocks to communicate with me and with each other without doing so in ways Bianca can hear.
  3. When votes are tallied, I collect player posts in an Informational so that it may be known what Bianca heard.
    • Votes are tallied in the conventional fashion. So only votes in the most recent post by each player are counted. [X] marks what the player is voting for. And only effectively identical write-ins accumulate votes.
    • You can vote your own write-in any time you want anyway, of course.
  4. I collect player posts and post them in the vote results for reference. This is the point where what is said in the Cacophonous Interlude is locked in.
  5. I read player posts, take notes, determine what Bianca already thinks she knows, and compose Bianca's in-line replies to those posts that invite replies.
  6. I research player advice, claims, and suggestions, check my notes for precedent, determine what Bianca's right or wrong about, how likely she is to engage with the topic, how likely Blanca's followers are to follow through in the matter, and finally what the result is going to be, later in the narrative.
  7. When the narrative benefits from uncertainty and chance, I devise tests for Bianca or other characters and make those tests using die rolls on a post made just for that purpose.
    • Skill or attribute tests will be made with a largely undocumented homebrew that's mostly the Burning Wheel system, notably including War and Factions from the Burning Wheel Anthology -- which I really, really would have benefitted from the last time around -- on d10s with different 'shade' ranges (see below), no Artha, no Beliefs or Instincts, no Stock-exclusive skills, probably no Emotional Attributes, and clocks from Blades in the Dark because setting automation is fantastic. (The Burning Wheel is a good system and I encourage you to check it out.)
      • I will post the dice, threshold of success, and results of each test before rolling it.
      • Tests may:
        • Be made by rolling one of an entity's attributes against a static target, or may
        • Be made by two entities each rolling one of their attributes where the one with the greater result wins to some degree, and may
        • Have absolute results, or may
        • Have tiered results, and may
        • Result in pyrrhic victories or welcome defeats.
      • The rules being used and followed will be described in each Informational in which tests are made.
      • Normal mortals count 7s and better toward success.
      • Heroic characters and characters who are otherwise innately magical count 6s and better toward success, so long as what they're doing aligns with their heroism or their magical theme.
      • Demigod characters and characters who otherwise possess some spark of divinity count 5s and better toward success, so long as what they're doing aligns with their divine heritage.
      • Gods and count 4s and better toward success, as do their avatars, so long as what the avatar is doing aligns with the god's domains.
      • Gods count 3s and better toward success when what they're going aligns with their domains.
      • 1s and 2s never count toward success.
      • Sorcery, other magic skills, and some magical tools lower the threshold of success by a non-cumulative 1 to a minimum of 3 only when they are or are essential to the skill being tested, not when they help with other skills. Players may note that a god's threshold of success when they are acting within their domain does not improve when they use magic or magical tools.
      • Helping dice provided by magic, magical items, tame (not domesticated) warbeasts larger than hounds, or any incendiary devices more complicated than a burning arrow roll an additional die after each 9 or 10 and keep counting successes. Further 9s & 10s lead to further rolls. Unless the magic, magical item, or incendiary device is the product of an especially refined industry or practice (no exceptions for non-domesticated big warbeasts -- if the animal is dangerous to the enemy it is dangerous to everyone), these same helping dice cancel successes on 1s & 2s and roll another die for each 1 or 2. Additional 1s & 2s cancel additional successes. More 1s, 2s, 9s, or 10s mean more rerolling and more successes or cancelations, but only in the manner of the original die. That is, when a 9 or 10 on a helping die from war elephants provides an additional die and that die rolls a 1 or 2, that doesn't cancel successes or lead to further additional dice.
    • When players expect a test -- for example if they vote for an invasion or to send a diplomat to manipulate a foreign leader -- they might be able to add helping dice to the test by providing Bianca with advice specific to that matter. If the advice is not mistaken or outright bad, there will be at least a chance it will help. Often, decent advice adds dice. Sometimes good advice may outright guarantee success, preventing the test entirely.
    • I'm going to have to choose some kind of accumulation-of-progress-toward-a-goal mechanic that fits the faction clocks from Burning Wheel but I'm not sure about how that's going to work right now. Maybe Conflicts from Mouseguard or Torchbearer?
    • Similarly, since this is an uplift quest and players will often provide incomplete but potentially sufficient information, some kind of test will be needed to see if Bianca and/or her minions are able to fill in the gaps and implement the desired technology. This is probably just going to be some skill test with a high obstacle and not-a-complete-failure thresholds that make the next test easier and whoops-all-on-fire-now thresholds that make the next test harder.
  8. I compose Bianca's post-hiatus update, new questions for vote, and new vote options.
  9. GOTO 1
Bianca will be the only character the players will directly interact with in this game.

Bianca is a human-shaped interface in the material world for a powerful soul entity. She's smaller than most of the human and human-like people she's met. And her phenotypic expression is unique from all surviving human-like populations. She looks really old and she'll tell you that she wears it well.

Bianca has magical abilities related to her original function as a vault guardian for her missing maker. She has other magical abilities related to the hundreds of years she spent traveling the world after she gave up waiting on her maker. As a being of divine heritage, Bianca counts 6s and better as successes on all tests. The nature of her divine heritage means she counts 5s and better as successes if what she's doing is related to getting into god crypts or similar, keeping others from getting into the same, or awakening great soul-things that have been cut off from the material world since the last time magic wasn't forbidden by reality. Other applications exist and haven't appeared in the game.

Bianca needs to return to the vault that her maker entrusted to her every few years for magical maintenance on her material form. She's pretty sure that if her material form is destroyed without injuring her soul and the stuff in that vault is intact she can rebuild her material 'body.'

Bianca has claimed to perform Soul Magic, Wayfinding Magic, and Healing Magic. She can also enchant objects under unspecified circumstances.

Despite sacrificing autonomy to connect with the Astute Cacophony, Bianca values her independence.

1. Era Choice
Bianca woke up from a long time when magic didn't work. Afterward, she spent about 900 years in the place where she woke, which the god who made her told her to guard before everyone who couldn't survive without magic went into some kind of hibernation. Then Bianca traveled the world for around another 900 years. She found people who didn't have magic. She didn't find any gods.

Bianca understands that the players can't tell her about the setting's magical systems. She wants power and wants the players to tell her how to get power in the material world.

There's stuff in Bianca's Vault that does things she understands, and more that she doesn't.

Bianca asks the players when the game should start.
2. Three Quests at the Dawn of the World
The players choose the Stone Age, but just barely.

Bianca starts with two magic items: the Red Knife, a very nice Acheulean hand axe enchanted to keep its edge and not break; and the Coat of Two Suns, a shimmery cloak made from the hide of an unspecified magical creature ("swift running beasts that shimmer like water") enchanted to smell good and be soft.

The players give Bianca a lot of advice. More than one suggest iron, which Bianca says she'll try to get.

Bianca spends around 400 years getting pottery working, finding iron ore, figuring out iron smelting and fining, making soap, figuring out clay pot distillation of alcohol, obtaining potassium nitrite, and figuring out steel bluing.

There's a community of fishers in a bay near where she's digging up ore. She pulls them into her shenanigans. The place they live is called Black Hook Bay.

Bianca enchants the best blued steel 'knife' she made like her Red Knife. It's called the Black Knife now.

The combination of the pescatarian lure of (mostly) relatively easy meat and the steel tools Bianca has given them and has taught them to make keeps the Black Hook Bay people around longer than the land will endure with grace. They've grown in number and overstayed their time such that they've cleared out medicinal and essential nutrition plants from the area. Also, they lost knowledge of a lot of them.

(Un?)fortunately, their neighbors are within reach for young people with iron weapons and bright ideas. So raids are solving some problems and creating others.

Bianca has asked the players which of three tasks she should undertake: very cursed dungeon crawl, suborn a murderous cult trying to summon the kind of god murderous cults summon, or befriend some monsters who aren't finding a place for themselves in a world after they went through some big changes.
3. Launching the River Warrior's Legend
Players chose to split Bianca's attention between a main focus on befriending the winged lions with a little side-trip to fuck up something powerful's blood-soaked wake-up call. Bianca does not win the trust of the lions and they leave. Bianca reached out again around 220 years after her last contact.

Armed with an indicator species and the function of the liver, Bianca decides that The Problem with Black Hook Bay is something in the water downstream from her smelting sites. She tells the people to move and not use the water in certain places and matters improve.

Bianca invents an alphabet, writes down iron-making instructions, and teaches BHB folk to read. They're a bit excited about being able to write their own names on stuff, but don't use literacy enough to keep it long term

Bianca loses interest in glassmaking after a series of frustrating explosions but the BHB folk are in love with the stuff and are going to try to figure it out for themselves.

Those rare magic livers the BHB folk end up with make them resistant to poisons and are there because Bianca was healing that population for generations.

People the BHB have been stealing from get fed up and follow a Special Kid on a Unicorn to attack the BHB. They get trounced and the BHB gets the Horn of Sheshlan, which has healing powers. They also get a head start on regaining their lost area lore, but kind of fuck that up instead of making progress when they get the chance.

Bianca goes looking for a place to invent farming and picks some nice floodplains with just one problem: a magical river dolphin that fucks up whatever Bianca doesn't ward the fuck out of every time the river floods. She's picked out a grain to focus on and can grow more than she can harvest alone. But she can't get enough to keep people fed year round. She does bring seed back to BHB at unspecified intervals to get more iron for tools.

Bianca kind of raised a Heroic River Warrior and needs to give the woman something to focus on.

Bianca asks the players about handling that very cursed dungeon crawl from last time, the possible murder god's wake-up call that's kind of trying to stop being on hold, that fucking dolphin, and a cache of bog iron up-country that she's been thinking about.

This list is of things that Bianca has described to exist in the setting independently (or -- later in play -- at least seemingly independently) of actions she has taken based on player advice.
  • Language
  • 'Wolves' (dogs)
  • 'Hide' clothing
  • 'Webs of vegetation' clothing
  • Sharp sticks
  • 'Broken rocks' (knapped stone tools and weapons)
  • 'How to live in the places they go' (local plant, animal, mineral, weather, and geographic lore)
  • 'Brimstone' (elemental sulfur at volcanic sites)
  • Murder
  • 'Dragon Glyphs' (actual ideograms (as opposed to logograms) that are used by or the product of magic)
  • 'Counting by dozens, grosses, great gosses, and so on' (base-12 eunmeration)
    • 'Dragon counting' (base-8)
  • 'Bulbs that grow leaves like a hawk's tail' which nearly all people plant wherever they go
  • Spreading the seeds of every plant they use as they travel
  • 'Don't handle shit, don't eat rotten things, & keep the midden away from living spaces ' (very basic hygiene)
  • Rope
  • Gold, silver, iron, and copper (all very rare)
  • Needles
  • Thread
  • 'Boats' (logs that dream of being as cool as caballito de totora but have a long way to go before they get there)
  • 'Webs' (nets, this time)
  • Resource raiding
  • Poisoning
  • 'Sunstead' (understanding of the seasons sufficient to identify a solstice)
  • Bows and arrows
  • Soft metal seen once that might have been lead
  • "Where beasts' seeds fell outside the womb" (ectopic pregnancies in animals)
  • Bees and honey
  • Toys that spin in the wind
  • 'Stones to weigh down webs' (weighted nets)
  • Buckskin tanning
  • Unicorns, horses, and zebras
    • Unicorns are larger than horses, not as robustly build, and have a magic horn
    • Zebras have family dynamics
    • Stallions do not lead horse herds, they herd from the back
  • Hills and walls of ice in high places and far north and south (Glaciers and polar caps)
  • "The world is round like a perfect river stone"
  • "There is something in the work that brains do with substance that touches the Soul Lands"
  • Bone setters (she says people just figure that shit out all the time)
  • Basket fishing and fish weirs
  • Baskets in general
  • Non-domesticated grains, beans, and nuts
  • River dolphins
This list is of things that have been described to Bianca. To let me know about something I missed, PM me a link and a searchable keyword from the passage.
Bianca reports failure
Bianca reports success - Skill exponent opened (if any)
  • Writing
    • Paper
    • Soot ink
    • Printing press
    • Cypher Wheel
  • Farming
    • Irrigation
    • Evolution
    • Selective breeding
    • Food preservation
  • Disease
    • Sickmakers (pathogens)
      • Wound care - Field Dressing
    • Undersuckling (nutritional deficiency)
    • Slow poisons
    • 'Free problems' 'wardful flesh problems' (immune problems)
    • Cankers (cancer)
    • 'Origin problems' (genetic problems)
  • Lye-making - no Skill opened
  • Soap-making - no Skill opened
  • 'The stain' (alcohol) making - Distiller
  • Clay pots and other shapes - Potter
    • Waterproofing clay with ash - no Skill opened
  • Bricks & mortar - Mason
  • 'Rock-cooking tower' (smelter) - Tree Cutter & Miner (kind of incidentally)
  • 'Air-cooking tower' (blast furnace) - no Skill opened
  • 'Bubbling cooking tower' (finery) - no Skill opened
  • Metal
    • Copper
      • Malachite
      • Chalcocite
    • Tin
      • Cassiterite
      • Bronze
    • Zinc
      • Smithsonite and hemimorphite
      • Brass
    • Iron - Blacksmith
      • Magnetite
      • Hematite
      • 'Firm iron' (steel) - no Skill opened
  • 'Blue-making' (steel bluing corrosion protection) - no Skill opened
  • 'Fat on iron' (steel oiling corrosion protection) - no Skill opened
  • 'Blow-bags (bellows) - no Skill opened
  • 'Charred coals' (charcoal) - no Skill opened
  • 'Biters' (tongs) - no Skill opened
  • 'Burning' (annealing)
  • 'Pot-ash-niter crystals' (potassium nitrate) - Munitions
  • 'Outclappers' (explosives)
  • The value of falsifiable claims (Scientific method)
  • 'Improved midden' (covered latrine) - no Skill opened
  • Long bows - Bowyer
  • Fletched arrows - Fletcher
  • 'Trunk and take' (block and tackle and related compound bow)
  • 'returning doves (homing pigeons)
  • Nose and mouth masks when in the presence of sick people
  • Storm signs
    • Birds fly low
    • Smoke stays low
    • People ache more
    • Pests bites more
    • Smells are stronger
    • Clouds that are tall, fast, or change direction
    • Certain people's headaches
  • Volcanos should show up in lines (plate tectonics)
  • Lighting lure - no Skill opened
  • Bog iron - no Skill opened
  • Boats
    • Dugout boats - Boatwright
    • Second boat fastened to first by stout branches (outrigger) - Carpentry
    • Pitch - Pitch Collector
    • Oars - Wood Carving
    • Sail
    • Seabirds fly away from land in the morning and toward it at night
    • Shallow water reflects more light to the underside of clouds
  • Buildings
    • Cob
    • Start walls below the ground (foundations)
    • Fire in home with smoke pipe (fireplace and chimney)
    • Arches - Architect
    • Concrete
  • 'Breaking rock with outclapping stuff' (blast mining with explosives)
  • Tools
    • 'Shover' (shovel)
    • 'Point' (pick)
    • 'Striker' (hoe)
    • 'Cutter' (chisel)
    • Breaking up rocks with fire
    • Hafting by shrinkage and spike and even glue
  • Agriculture
    • Plow
    • 'Dirt making' (compost) - Farming
      • Basket with layers of green & brown, little water, ready 6 months later
    • Use the seeds of the plants that work best
    • Remove undesired plants
    • Mushroom farming - Farmer
  • Grow branches as forms for clay pipes
  • Hills and ravines against flood rivers (levees and canals)
  • 'Fighters that only fight' (Standing army)
    • People should have a plan and a leader they'll listen to if they want to win combat
    • And they should play at fighting to get better at fighting
    • Murder axes should the lighter so they're faster
  • Glassmaking
  • Glue - Mending
  • Liquor social
  • Hypothermia recovery
  • Math
    • Vertical addition
    • Vertical subtraction
    • Partial product multiplication
    • Long division
  • Body weight poison determinism
  • Saltpans - no Skill opened
  • Phonetic alphabet - Read and Write
 
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[X] Write-in: Disrupt the Rite of the Stirring God without taking time to subvert, then try to Rescue the Winged Lions from fate

Hello! most everything I want to say has already been said by others.
I am curious what your night sky looks like though
 
@fasquardon

Are you trying to convince Bianca that breeding people like domesticated beasts is inherently not useful? I could see reasons this is not so for an immortal being of great power, especially once we have the first city. But I do not wish to undermine your agenda.

Of course, due to long generations and the briefness of any human power structure, there haven't been many experiments on human selective breeding that have reached fruition. But what we know about modern genetics and how selective breeding affects animals indicates all of the attempts were doomed due to their practitioners' bad ideas. For example, how do you breed a human for "intelligence"? We're not even sure what human intelligence is really, but the best guess is that it is a complex suite of adaptations. From comparisons between wild and domestic animals, there is a clear link between genetic diversity and intelligtence.

One example of an experiment that did reach fruition is European nobility. It is often forgotten today, but back in the day, the kings and princes of Europe thought they lived in a meritocracy. Aristocrat literally means "rule by the best" - or in other words, they thought their bloodlines made them more intelligent, sensitive and so on than mere peasants, and thus more suited to ruling. In Poland they litterally thought they were a different and better race (see Sarmatianism). And thus, when a king married another king's daughter, he wasn't just getting a claim on the titles of his new bride's line and an alliance with her father, he was keeping his bloodline pure, free of lower class taint. The results of these ideas about what made better humans were the Habsburg Jaw and continent of mental pygmies who were in serious trouble once the French Revolution allowed a country in Europe to draw a serious amount of military talent from a more genetically diverse population.

And while eugenicists of various stripes have promoted the idea that selective breeding could "improve" humanity, that's just not how selective breeding works. You don't get "better", you get to trade strength in one area for weakness in another. For example, domestic horses have traded intelligence, disease resistance and some of their ability to feed themselves for larger size and speed (this isn't to say domestic horses can't live feral, but they aren't anywhere near as hardy as wild horses).

Something we are especially likely to see weakened by the reduced genetic diversity that would happen if Bianca starts selectively breeding humans is disease resistance. And since the will of the cacophony seems to be that Bianca should urbanize, disease resistance is especially important.

And now for a vote:

[X] Write-in: Disrupt the Rite of the Stirring God without taking time to subvert, then try to Rescue the Winged Lions from fate
[X] Rescue the Winged Lions from fate

Am keen on rescuing the winged lions because they'd help alot with the weather prediction problem.

Regards,

fasquardon
 
[X] Rescue the Winged Lions from fate

The lake discussed earlier was a metaphor for growth. To sell a thing for more than it has cost to acquire the thing, and then use what was gained from selling to acquire more of the thing you sold. A basic principle of trade and barter.

But let's speak instead of physical balance, for a moment.

You know already that you cannot take two rocks of any shape, throw them at eachother without a care, and expect one to sit neatly on top of the other as a result.

With care, one might stack a rock of any shape on top of another, though depending on the shapes this may require a great deal of patience and skill.

But what if, instead, you could have a stone be any shape you wished? Well, then you can have stones with flat sides, on the top and bottom that can be easily stacked one on top of another. Why, you could even stack stones in a straight line, by ensuring the front side and the back side of the stones are the same distance in every such stone. You could even putting them off-center so that the weight of one stone rests upon the two beneath it equally, by ensuring the top side and the bottom side are equally far apart, as are the left side and right side.

What's more, once you have one line of evenly cut stones stacked higher than most are tall, you can then stack a second line behind it. Now anything trying to knock your line of etones over has to move not just the one line of stones, but the line behind it as well. And by putting certain kinds of mud between the stones, they can become even more rigid, even harder to displace.

Once this is done, one might then decide to add a corner to their line of stones. To turn left. And then, after a good few paces, they might turn left again. And then, maybe they'll turn left a third time. And, if they measured their paces carefully, they might just have their now fourth line of stones end exactly where the first began. And now they have a square.

Branches, also cut evenly and spanning across the length of the top, can be woven together with long grasses, and then bushels of even more grass can be put on top in an even layer. You can even make a hole tall enough to walk through in one of the sides, by cutting a couple of stones extra long so that they can bridge such a gap.

And once all that is done, you can call it a den or a home, and you can build it anywhere, and as many as you like.

As for how to cut stones, I would recommend you experiment with your new, blue firm iron. I can assure you that a constant, maybe even circular grinding motion would work best for even cuts, but the process will likely be slow.

Oh, and as a point of thought, wood is less durable than stone, but easier to cut into long shapes without breaking.

Different kinds of stone, identifiable by the weight and color, will have differing degrees when it comes to shaping and stacking. Some may break unexpectedly until you have the process down.
 
This is Destroyer, again.



Power.



I want power.



And power is violence, violence waiting and violence in fact.


All true power grows from the point of a weapon.


I know of these glyphs, but they signify thought, not noise.



Their making is the work of dragons, who tear through the barrier of between the world of substance of the world of thought to make thoughts known to any who know how to read them.



I know only a few glyphs, only the ones used in my Vault that I have puzzled out. But they are magic, so I do not think you can teach me more of them.


We do not speak of magical glyphs, we are talking of a mundane means of storing knowledge in the form of symbols. The purpose of this is to allow one who has learned to read these symbols to know to the words of the one who wrote them, potentially hundreds of years after the writer had died.



You speak of the fisher people as having forgotten their plants and animals when they were gone, had their elders and knowledgeable hunters and gatherers known writing, they could have stored their knowledge of plants and animals in tablets of clay that could be read by their descendants for generations.



If you make up an arbitrary symbol for each sound used in the speaking of your people's tongue, you can draw a line of these symbols to form words in the order they would be spoken. Writing one word after another lets you have a whole story be told by tablets of clay, that will never forget their words for as long as they are not worn away by time or broken. The words are stored as unchanging markings on a surface, they don't forget anything so long as they are not faded or destroyed by improper storage.


Most people have four fingers on each hand. Do you mean that people should count with their whole fingers and whole thumbs? And to reach only ten? That sounds foolish.



Most people have a dozen joints on each hand. They can use their thumb and those dozen joints to count to a dozen on one hand. With two hands, a person can count to a gross. If a person is clever, they can count to a dozen in their head, count dozens on one hand, and count grosses on the other. Then every great gross may be counted in tally marks.



I do not know if people know this counting anymore. But I know it.


We count by tens not for any advantage of counting by tens, but because the first people to use a Base numeral place value system counted in tens. The Base numeral place value system does not require you to count in tens, but it's very nature (unconnected to the number 10) makes all other aspects of counting so vastly easier that it was adopted everywhere, and no one really bothered to change the base 10 to a more sensible number like 12 or 2. By the time anyone realized that a base 12 or 2 would be superior, everyone had been using base 10 for centuries and to change it would require everyone in the world to relearn how to count, for what was only a relatively small practical improvement over the base 10 anyway. Base 2 is another matter that has more practical benefits, but I will speak on that later.


Writing is very powerful, yes. And pressing painted glyphs onto… something like a hide made of soaked and cooked wood that you are naming reeds seems to be a poor use of that power. But I may try it with the glyphs I know and see what comes of it, if no better pursuit arises.


This is a means of copying the writing onto many stores of symbols very quickly. This allows for the faster spread of knowledge among those who can read the symbols.


If the wrong glyphs are used, the magic will be different. It may not work at all.


I am genuinely curious how we could use these magical glyphs with a printing press now.


Regardless, we were not speaking of magic but as a way of hiding the knowledge held in writing behind a particular secret. This means you can hide secret messages and instructions in what appears to be a completely nonsensical mess of letters, without the knowledge of the cipher's code. Even someone who knows how to read the writing normally would be able to glean nothing from it, but one of your people who are taught the cipher code can read it.


In short, it is a means of storing secrets in a way they can't be known to any but those who know the code.



I would also like to know what you mean by pressed charcoal. Is it enough to roll one smooth stone against another with the char in between?


For the purposes of a writing implement, a charcoal stick of a dense hardwood will work fine on its own. This will also work for electrodes, but compressed charcoal or graphite will work better for some applications.


Wrapping it in a thin layer of clay or hide can keep your hands from getting dirty when using it.



A compressed charcoal rod can be made with a clay brick with a finger width hole running through it, as straight as possible. this hole should be drilled through the clay by as straight a stick as possible, and the stick should be spun on its length as it goes through the hole to make the hole as even and straight of a round hole as possible.



Then, place one end of the hole against a sturdy flat surface like the top of another brick, and then fill the hole with ground up powdered moistened charcoal. Take the straight stick you used that fits the hole and forcefully jam the stick down the hole to crush the charcoal powder together. Then you can use a rock to hammer the stick forcefully into the hole to further crush the charcoal together. Then you can lift up the hole-brick and place it near a fire to let the moist charcoal dry out, then use the stick to push it out of the hole. This gets you a rod of compressed charcoal.



Tell me the signs by which storms may be known ahead of time, especially along the coast.

weather prediction is notoriously difficult and unreliable at the best of times, but a few hours warning of a storm front is somewhat feasible.


You require two tools for this: Firstly a barometer, to measure the pressure of the air, and also a hygrometer, or a tool to measure how much water vapor is in the air. Of the two, the barometer is much more important and lets you directly predict rainfall up yo a day in advance.


A Barometer is simple, it is a specially shaped assembly of pots and tubes that uses the weight of water to measure changes in air pressure.


The working principle of the barometer is using a liquid, such as water, to seal a volume of air in a container of a fixed size in such a way that any changes in the pressure of the air outside the container will push the water in and out of the container. You can mark the level of the water to measure changes in its level, and thus changes in pressure.


A drop in air pressure, over only a day or less, predicts the coming of rain, whereas an increase of pressure predicts a clear day. A very fast drop in pressure (about half the time it takes morning to become noon, so fast by weather standards) coupled with thick, roiling clouds on the horizon is a portent of a coning storm.


I will describe a simple barometer for you now.


First make a clay tube that is three finger widths wide at the opening and round, and about the length from your wrist to elbow long.


Then, make a small, shallow clay pot with a small opening that can fit the tube sticking in it, with some open space at the bottom for water, and a bulge to the side of it, to have a cavern above the opening the tube is sticking through.


This can be accomplished by making two pots and connecting them together as I will describe. First, make the connector pot. This has the opening for the tube, and has no clay on one side. This is made by making a shallow pot only a finger length deep, and a hand length wide, and round. Then, cut off one side by two or three finger widths, such that the cut does not reach the hole for the tube in the center.


Now, make a second pot that is a hand length wide and tall, with a mouth sized to fit the hole you cut in the smaller pot, offset from the center. Then, bring the mouth and the hole together and seal them with clay, such that when the first pot lies flat on the ground, that the side of the second pot is flat on the ground, and the rest of the pot bulges up higher than the top of the first pot.


Next, insert the tube into the top hole in the first pot just enough to seal it with clay to that top hole. Then fire everything. The insides of the pot and tube should be glazed to seal the water in.


The device should look like a strange clay statue of male sexual organs that stand straight up when placed on flat ground. I assure you this is entirely coincidental.


Next, the float indicator. Take a small block of wood that will fit loosely and easily in the tube, and attach a long, thin, straight stick to the float that is roughly as long as the tube. Make regular markings, perhaps once every width of a little finger, along the entire length of the stick. Every four marks make the mark bigger so this is easier to count.


Now, with the barometer placed upright securely on flat ground, fill it with water until the tube is halfway full, and drop the floater into the tube with the indicator stick sticking up out of the tube. The idea here is for there to be a pocket of air trapped in the top of the bulge-pot, and kept sealed there by the water.

now tilt the barometer a little ways towards the bulge, until some air bubbles come out. It should not be tilted too far lest all the air escape, but you do need a little less air in the bulge than was trapped when it was first filled.


Now, when pressure lowers the floater and stick, called the float indicator or indicator, will rise with the water, and when pressure increases the indicator will lower with the water level.

At lower pressures, air will expand to greater volume, and at higher pressures its volume will shrink. Water is incompressible, so it transfers the expansion and shrinking of that volume of trapped air to the water level in the pipe. The air all around you is not trapped by a container, so it can freely move and expand and shrink as it wills. But, the air in the bulge is trapped, so its expansion and shrinking can be measured by the water.


Multiple times through the day, count how many markings are between the top of the tube and the top of the stick and write it down. When you make the next counting and write it down, compare it to the last counting and you can easily see whether the pressure has gone up or down.


Tell me how to know when the ground will shake and knock down any one stone piled on another.


There is no way for you to really do anything about these other than building shelters that can withstand them. This is possible for you to do but it will take much effort to do so for all of the people in the village.



Tell me how to stop these things from happening when they do not suit me. And tell me how to hold back lightning, how to turn away the whirlwind, and how to still the flood.


These we can help you with, or at least the lightning and the flood. The Whirlwind is again something that you can only build shelters against. But lightning can be redirected and protected against, and floods can be redirected and even harnessed, but only by building your own large sturdy riverbanks to contain the river floods.


Tell me how to make better thread, better webs, better boats.


Better threads and webs we can get you, and I will describe means of them later, but first I will speak of boats.



The simple answer is to have more than one floating log tied together at a distance from one another by sturdy, arm thick wood shafts. As in, you take 3 floating logs, put the weights only on one of them. Then, you take 2 or more thick wood shafts and firmly tie them to grooves carved in the weighted log such that they have both ends reaching a leg-length sideways from the weighted log. then, you tie the other 2 logs to the ends of the rods in the same way they are tied to the middle log.



This results in 3 logs all next to each other and pointed the same way, separated by about an arms length between them, with arm thick wooden shafts crossing between them and tied to them so they firmly stay in this configuration. With many 2 or 3 finger thick branches stripped of leaves and twigs, you can tie them between the middle and outer logs, and stretch hide over top of them, your boatmen will have a reasonable area to stand in or sit on, or keep nets of fish on. More importantly, it is much less likely to tip over.



To move it, you can use what is called an oar. An oar is a sturdy stick, like one would use for a good stout walking stick or spear shaft, but with a large, wide, flat oval wooden carved bowl at the end to push against the water with. You can use this to drag your way along through the water by dipping the bowl in the water and dragging it back through the water to push you forward, before lifting it out of the water to bring it forward and into the water again to drag you forward again.



Tell me how to better remove stone from the ground. There is so much ground to remove to reach the stone with iron in it.


For this you can make a shovel.



A shovel is a wide, flat bowl on the end of a shaft that is used to scoop up dirt and toss it somewhere else.



Since you have iron, you can hammer the iron into that wide flat head, and even give the head a broad point to pierce the ground better.


Tell me how to bring peaceableness to people who have iron when their neighbors do not.



And breaking the rocks up helps so much.


Can somebody get her the design for the Monjolo?


And, oh. Out in the world there are still people who count to one dozen on one hand. I have taught some since last I summoned you. But also some knew it before I began teaching the counting.


Though that is the numbering of dragon glyphs: eights, eights of eights, eights of eights of eights, and so on. Do dragons count on their fingertips like small children? Surely no one could call them foolish for it.

QM, nothing I do with spacing turns out right because f%king BBcode takes any extra spaces and assumes they are a mistake and deletes them. All the spaces are there for everything to be perfectly aligned in the editor, and with magical intent translation I am certainly intending the things to be in the right place. And I can't use code blocks because those are dedicated OoC text.

It's all very well and thoroughly explained, and it is fundamentally just carry addition performed in base 2, so you should know where they should be if you passed elementary school, and I have very thoroughly checked that everything is in the right place and they are.

If this needs another turn to get right I'll be happy to do the next explanation to get it right.


While the image of dragons counting with fingers is amusing, there are good reasons to use a counting system based on eights. Primarily, it is made up of nothing but twos (as it is two fours, and each four is two twos), and this makes it easy to transfer numbers between a number system than counts in twos and itself.


Now, a number system that counts in nothing but twos would seem like madness at first, but this counting system of twos, called binary, is incredibly useful as a counting system for special tools that can count very large numbers extremely quickly for you.


If arranged properly, it is actually a shockingly good system for humans to use in everyday life, as one of the other voices mentioned. Much of the aspects of binary that make those tools able to count so quickly can also be used by a human working the countings to make their countings faster as well. This way of counting lets you add or subtract arbitrary numbers in the tens of thousands in mere moments with little mental effort, and is massively superior to almost any other counting system in multiplication and especially division, and even allowing very fast and easy calculations of square roots, at least compared to any other numerical system.

I will first explain the conceptual nature of adding, subtracting, multiplying, dividing and powers of a number as it applies to any number system.

Adding two numbers is simply asking what putting two numbers together and counting the collective result of both numbers in a pile together. For example, say you have 3 rocks, and add 4 rocks to them. You now have 7 rocks. Addition is commutative, meaning that it doesn't matter what order things are added in, any pair of the same numbers added together will always result in the same sum. Having a pile of 4 rocks and adding 3 rocks to that pile will still result in 7 rocks. This we usually represent by having a vertical cross between the numbers being added, like this: +

Subtraction is the opposite of adding, it is taking a number from another number, and seeing how much is left. If you have 7 rocks and you subtract 3 rocks, you are left with 4 rocks. Subtraction is NOT commutative, so the order of the numbers does matter. Subtracting 7 rocks from a pile of 3 rocks leaves you with an imaginary debt of 4 rocks instead. We represent subtraction with a short horizontal line between the numbers being subtracted, like this: -

Multiplication is essentially a special repeated addition. Imagine you have 4 people who need their food for the day, and they each need 3 fish to eat, how many fish do you need to feed all of them? You need 4 groups of 3 fish, and that total is 12 fish when counted. This is, essentially, adding 4 with 4 and another 4, all together. So multiplication is adding a number to itself a specific number of times,

Now imagine you are calculating how many fish the same group of 4 people need for 3 days. Each day they will need 12 fish in total, and we need 3 days, so 12 multiplied by 3 is 36. Thus, we need 36 fish to feed 4 people for 3 days. This is a very simplified example, and has nothing to do with real nutrition, it was a simple example of how to use multiplication and the kind of problems it can solve.

Multiplication is also commutative, like addition. If does not matter what order the numbers are multiplied in, they will have the same answer. 4 groups of 3 and 3 groups of 4 both add up to 12.

We represent multiplication with a diagonal cross between the numbers being multiplied, like this: x

Division is the opposite of multiplication, much like subtraction is the opposite of addition. Dividing 12 by 4 would result in 3, fkr example. It is the action of taking a number and trying to cut it apart into a specific number of equal pieces to see how large each piece is. Or, you can imagine it as trying to find out how many times a number can be added together and fit inside another number.
If we go back to our fish example, imagine we have 36 fish and want to split them evenly between 4 people. How many fish should each person get? Well, 4 multiplied by 8 is 32, and 4 multiplied by 10 is 40, so the answer has to be in between 8 and 10. 4 multiplied by 9 does exactly equal 36, so we now know that each person should get 9 fish.

When there is no even way of dividing the number, things get messy. If you had 37 fish in our previous example, you would be really out of luck, as 37 is not evenly divided by anything but itself. So each person would get 9 fish with one remaining fish to split between them. Now, you could cut the fish into four equal pieces and then each person would have nine and one quarter of a fish. I will not be explaining this complexity any further for the time being. We represent division by putting a short diagonal line between the numbers being divided, like this: /

Lastly, we have powers of a number. This is to multiplication what multiplication is to addition. 2 to the power of 4 would be 2 multiplied by 2, multiplied by another 2, and yet one more 2. This would become 4, then 8, then 16. 5 to the power of 3 would be five times five times five, which would be 25 then 125. 9 to the power of 2 is the same as nine multiplied by itself once, which is 81. We represent a number to the power of another number by an upwards pointing intersection of two lines between the numbers, like this: ^

This is NOT commutative: 5^3 is 125, 3^5 is 243.

2 taken to a power of something is immensely important to binary numbers, as you will see.

A number taken to the power of 2 is often called the square of that number, as a number multiplied by itself will result in the area of a square with a side length of that number.

Similarly, a number taken to the power of 3 is often called a cube, as the cube of a number will calculate the volume of a perfect cube shaped object with a side length of that number.

Now finally it is time for binary, I will explain the basics of it, as it is very simple in concept.


For all natural numbers, 5 and ten and 70 and so on, the numbers you count things with, you can represent them as an ordered collection of ones and nothings written as tall and short vertical lines stacked sideways. I will give examples, and my meaning will be obvious.


Nothing would be one short line:

.

One would be one tall line:

l

Two is one tall line followed by one short line:

l.

Three is ll

four is l..

five is l.l

six is ll.

seven is lll

eight is l...

nine is l..l

ten is l.l.

eleven is l.ll

twelve is ll..

thirteen is ll.l

fourteen is lll.

fifteen is llll

and sixteen is l....


Each time all the lines fill up with ones, and you need to add one more, they overflow into the next potential line over to represent that all previous lines overflowed once before.


Each line represents either a one or a nothing, and are called bits.

Essentially, each bit is representing the presence or absence of a power of 2. A power of 2 is 2 taken to the power of a number. 2 to the 1 is 2, 2 to the 2 is 4, 2 to the 3 is 8, and so on. Next comes 2^4, which is 16

So, the numbers are actually represented by ever larger powers of 2 being either added or not added, in sequence.



The power of this system is that you can write any number imaginable with just a stack of long and short lines, and that because the value of each additional bit in the stack doubles every time a new one is needed, you can store very large numbers in a comparatively small number of symbols.


thirty two is l. ....

sixty four is l.. ....

one hundred and twenty eight is l... ....

two hundred and fifty six is l .... ....

five hundred and twelve is l. .... ....

one thousand and twenty four is l.. .... ....

two thousand and fourty eight is

l... .... ....

four thousand and ninety six is

l .... .... ....

and so on.


You can thus count to five hundred and twelve by bending or extending your ten fingers and thumbs, or count to thirty-two with one hand. So long as you always count with the littlest finger as the littlest place, on each hand, you can make an easy hand representation of numbers in this way.


You will notice that each new higher overflow is exactly double the last, and thus every additional line in the stack doubles the highest value that a stack of that length can represent.

Each of these numbers are powers of 2, what power they represent is determined by their place value, or how long their tail is. so 32, which is 2^5, is represented by a one at the sixth bit. why the 6th bit and not the 5th? well, the first bit is actually 2 to the power of nothing, which is 1, and thus the very first bit represents the presence or absence of 1. the second bit is 2^1, which is 2, and represents the presence or absence of 2.

So, a binary number is just adding or not adding each power of 2 until the value the number represents is reached.

Let us apply this knowledge to the value of 42 in binary. First, the value is less than 64, which is 2^6 (the smallest whole number is actually nothing, not one, and from nothing to 63 is 64 numbers), so we only need 6 bits. .. .... The value is greater than or equal to 32, so the largest bit is one. l. .... The value is less than 32 + 16 = 48, so the 5th bit is nothing. l. .... The value is greater than or equal to 32 + 8 = 40, so the fourth bit is a one. l. l... The value is less than 40 + 4 = 44, so the 3rd bit is nothing. l. l... The value is greater than or equal to 40 + 2 = 42, so the 2nd bit is one. l. l.l. lastly, the value is less than 42 + 1=43, so the last bit is a nothing. l. l.l. Mathematically, this represents l x 2^5 + . x 2^4 + l x 2^3 + . x 2^2 + l x 2^1 + . x 2^0

Any number multiplied by one is just itself, and any number multiplied by nothing becomes nothing. The breakdosn of a binary number into a sum of different powers of 2 represented by the ones and nothings is what would allow you to convert a binary number to a different place value numeral base system or other number system and back again.

If the base number of the place value numeral system you are translating between is a power of 2, then you can just turn the value of each numeral into an equivalent binary number and just stack them together. For example, the dragon's octal numeral system. each symbol from nothing to seven would be translated to a three bit binary representation of the value of each symbol, and then they would be stacked together in order to make a binary number of the same value.

nothing: ...
one: ..l
two: .l.
three: .ll
four: l..
five: l.l
six: ll.
seven: lll

An important note: The broken underlining is to make the reading of long numbers easier by breaking it into chunks of four bits, which applies to all numbers above fifteen. So, sixteen would actually be written as l .... and seventeen would be l ...l and so on. This can expand to numbers of absurd size.

For example, the roughly estimated number of grains of sand in the entire world can be represented as such:

ll. llll .... .l.l l.ll .l.l l..l ll.l ..ll l.ll ..l. .... .... .... .... ....


Such a thing would be utterly impossible to count with tally marks alone, binary lets you represent it as something which can be easily written on a small clay tablet. Most numbers your people will handle everyday will be nowhere near as long, but it makes the handling of numbers in the hundreds and thousands easy to count and add and subtract.


Now, the decimal system we voices all normally use in daily life can do all of this with 10 symbols instead of 2, and the dodecimal system uses 12 symbols. They do much of the same compression of very large numbers into small stacks of symbols, and compress them to a much greater degree. But, in doing so they become much more difficult to do adding and subtracting and multiplying and dividing with when compared to binary.


In binary, adding two numbers of any length together is a very simple thing to do.

Here are two numbers:

ll .l.l l..l

and

l. .... ll..

or eight hundred and fifty seven and five hundred and twenty four.

Let us add these large numbers together with little effort. the symbol for addition is a vertical right angle cross +, and the symbol for equality is two parallel horizontal lines on top of each other: =
Code:
please interperet these as whichever works
 better for you, either the inline code blocks
with perfect spacing, or if the rules can't be
bent to allow them, the imperfect spacing
 on the plaintext.  I really hope I can use the
 inline code blocks in the future, as they are
 SO much easier.  If you want a short
 explainer on exactly how I formatted
this so you can use this in story posts,
I would be happy to explain,
its pretty simple.
) ll .l.l l..l +
) l. .... ll.. =
) l.l .ll. .l.l

ll .l.l l..l +
l. .... ll.. =
l.l .ll. .l.l

the answer is one thousand, three hundred and eighty one.


How does one do such a calculation? First let me demonstrate with smaller numbers. Let us demonstrate the most basic binary addition, adding all possible combinations of two one-bit numbers together.
l + l = l.
l + . = l
. + l = l
. + . = .
So, one and one make two, one and nothing make one, nothing and one make one, and nothing and nothing make nothing.

I will now list all possible combinations of three one bit numbers added together, but it does not matter which order they are added in.

l + l + l = ll
l + . + l = l.
. + l + l = l.
. + . + l = l
l + l + . = l.
l + . + . = l
. + l + . = l
. + . + . = .

The three bits part will come to be very useful.
It should be noted that each two bit addition is functionally identical to a three bit addition if the third bit is a nothing instead of a one.

With a clever trick of carrying bits from one addition to the next in larger numbers, you can add two numbers of any length as a series of individual three bit additions one after the other, starting from the smallest bit. I will demonstrate by adding eleven and six.
) l.ll +
) ll. =
l.ll +
ll. =
Always start with the smallest bits lined up, with the larger number above the smaller. Then, perform addition on the two smallest bits, and write the smallest bit of that answer below, lined up with the other two smallest bits.

) l.ll +
) ll. =
) l
l.ll +
ll. =
l
Then, move to the next smallest pair of bits.
) l
) l.ll +
) ll. =
) .l
l
l.ll +
ll. =
.l
When you run into two ones added together, you write the nothing beneath them and the one above the next bit pair like so to carry the one to the next place value. This is then added as a third bit to the addition of those next two bits, so now you use the three one bit number addition.
) ll
) l.ll +
) ll. =
) ..l
ll
l.ll +
ll. =
..l
This makes you carry yet another one to the last and largest bit of eleven, and add the two bits together (there are no more bits below, because six is one bit shorter than eleven, so the only two bits being added are the last one in eleven and the carry one from the last step).
) l ll
) l.ll +
) ll. =
) ...l
l ll
l.ll +
ll. =
...l
This results in the two ones making the one and nothing representing two, and the one gets carried for the last time. But, there are no more bits to add to, so it adds with nothing and ends up in the final answer's last one.
) l ll
) l.ll +
) ll. =
) l ...l
l ll
l.ll +
ll. =
l ...l
This results in seventeen. For clarity of spacing you can put nothings in the carry stack wherever there isn't a carried one and mark it clearly as the carry stack, but that is up to you. It would look like this instead:
) l ll.. c
) l.ll +
) ll. =
) l ...l
l ll.. c
l.ll +
ll. =
l ...l
I will be using this notation from hereon for clarity's sake.

This same process can be repeated indefinitely for any number of any imaginable size. I will add eight hundred and fifty seven and five hundred and twenty four once again, with the line of carry bits displayed.
) l.. ..ll .... c
) ll .l.l l..l +
) l. .... ll.. =
) l.l .ll. .l.l
l.. ..ll .... c
ll .l.l l..l +
l. .... ll.. =
l.l .ll. .l.l

The same process can be used for a base 10 or base 12 system, but then you need to memorize all possible additions of every number less than ten or twelve, of which there are a great many. In binary, there are only eight possible additions of three bits needed to do every other possible addition, rather than a hundred or more.

Similar processes can be done for subtraction, and multiplication, and division is significantly easier as well.

I will demonstrate subtraction now. I will explain two's complement: in essence it is a way to very easily transform a number into its inverse such that you can add this inverted number to the number you are subtracting from, and get the result. It is possible to subtract with binary using a similar process to addition, but this process is more complicated than simply adding a debt-number to the number you want to take away from.

Remember when I mentioned that if you subtracted 7 from 3 you would be left with an imaginary debt of 4? Twos complement is the way of writing such a debt-number.

Thus, to subtract binary numbers, you only need to know how to take the twos complement of a number, and how to do binary addition, which I have already explained.

To take the twos complement of a number, add nothings to the larger end of the stack until it is one bit longer than the number it is being subtracted from. Then, flip all the ones and nothings so they become their opposite. Then use addition to add one to this resulting number.

For clarity's sake, you should mark the short lines of a twos complement number at the top side of the stack instead of the bottom to make it clear the number has been inverted.

I will now subtract six from eleven as an example. First I will take the twos complement of six. Eleven is four bits, so we need to make the six five bits long with nothings on its larger end, and then flip the bits and then add one to the result.

) ll.
. .ll.
l l..l + l =
l l'l'
ll.
. .ll.
l l..l + l =
l l'l'

Then, we add this to eleven with normal binary addition.
) ll .l.. c
) l.ll +
) l l'l' =
) l. .l.l
ll .l.. c
l.ll +
l l'l' =
l. .l.l

Now finally we get rid of that largest 1 in the answer, it is discarded, then we take the larger nothing bits away until we hit the first one bit in the answer, and we keep everything left of the answer and we have the final answer.
) l. .l.l
) . .l.l ->
) l.l
l. .l.l
. .l.l
l.l

The result is five, as it should be. This, again, will work with any numbers of any size. The rules are so simple a child could learn them in a few days at most, and with some practice doing sums and subtractions like this, you could have a child become faster and better at adding and subtracting large numbers than anyone else in the tribe.

I will now demonstrate subtracting five hundred and twenty four from eight hundred and fifty seven in this manner.
2s complement of 524:
) l. .... ll..
) .l. .... ll..
) l.l llll ..ll + l =
) l'l llll 'l ''
Now add 2s complement of 524 to 857:
) llll lll. .... c
) ll .l.l l..l +
) l'l llll 'l '' =
) l..l .l.. ll.l
Now we process the result to get our answer:
) l..l .l.. ll.l
) ..l .l.. ll.l
) l .l.. ll.l
which results in 333.

2s complement of 524:
l. .... ll..
.l. .... ll..
l.l llll ..ll + l =
l'l llll 'l''
Now add 2s complement of 524 to 857:
llll lll. .... c
ll .l.l l..l +
l'l llll 'l'' =
l..l .l.. ll.l
Now we process the result to get our answer:
l..l .l.. ll.l
..l .l.. ll.l
l .l.. ll.l
which results in 333.

Multiplication is a way of saying that you add a number to itself a certain number of times. So, four multiplied by three would be three fours added together. Four added to four is eight, and eight added to four is twelve.

This can be done with larger numbers, like twelve being multiplied by twelve would mean twelve twelves added together, which is one hundred and fourty four.

There is a way of doing multiplication with clever usage of binary addition just like with subtraction, that will work with numbers of any size.

I will leave that for a later communication, as large multiplications will not be relevant for some time from now.
But just to reiterate: Bianca, when I talk about playing and practising at organized violence, I mean playing. Bloodless. Harmless, except possibly for bruised egos. The point of the exercise is to make and learn from mistakes in a safe, controlled, non-fatal environment, so that fewer mistake will be made in the chaotic, brutal reality.



An example, would be spear fighting. Instead of using spears tipped in sharp iron, use a spear haft with thick hide wrapped around the end in place of the spear, and have those practising with each other pretend it is a sharp spear as they try to spearfight the same way they would if they were trying to kill each other with real spears. When they do succeed in striking the other eith the padded end, the other must pretend that place has been injured by a spear for the rest of the fight until one wins and the fight is called as a victory, defeat or draw once one or both have become too injured with pretend injuries.


Tell me how to make better thread, better webs, better boats.


I will speak now on a simple means of making rope from grasses.

Firstly, collect long grass fibers and let then dry until they become brown and somewhat stiff, but not too brittle and easily broken if bent.

Next, take a small bundle of grass and hold it from the ends in each hand, now twist each hand in opposite directions. keep twisting the rope as you point the grips of your hands at a slight angle to each other, and with some slack between your hands for the rope to twist itself and form. As you keep twisting, the rope will begin twisting itself into a spiral made of the two strands of grass you are twisting into it. Once the grass in your hands starts to run short, add more grass to what you are holding and keep twisting: the new strands will twist themselves into the spiraling strands with little loss in strength. You just keep adding grass and twisting until you have a rope that is as long as you want it to be, and then you simply cross one strand over the other and loop around the other strand and through the hole made under their crossing to tie off the end so it doesn't unravel.

This should make a good, strong rope that can easily hold a man's weight hanging from a tree if it is two finger widths thick. Now, it must be kept dry if you don't want it to rot, or you can coat it with pitch or rub it thoroughly with animal fat if you want to waterproof it. You can also use wood tar from a gasifier, which I will describe in a later communication.
 
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snip
@Baumfan

Regarding the philosophy of law: Such a "state of nature" has never existed among humans. It is purely a philosophical construct. Humans have been social animals long before anything like governance existed and thus can thrive and be happy even without it. Except of course if you call family units plus the tendency to shun those that harm them a form of governance. I speak in spoilers because I don't want to necessarily undermine your attempt at introducing hierarchy that we are familiar with and can thus guide more easily, but I would warn against using reasons that Bianca can plainly see to be false.
I tired to incorparte your feedback into my post. How is it now? Can you give me other ideas or feedback for my Post?
 
To be clear I want to say, as the Black Cat, that "counting system of twos, called binary" mentioned by another Voice is something useful for weird thinking rocks, but not for me. I think that people also would feel confused by it, whatever another Voice says. And it would need long lines of signs to write. Using 10 or 12 base it's faster to write them as signs.

I shall mention another tool, to hopefully make you more pleased after hearing confusing things. A monjolo is a wooden tool used to hammer iron ore with no magic but also with no human work after the tool is build! Sounds weird? Probably, but listen.

It's a small log or heavy stick with two ends. One end has a heavy wooden hammer. The other end has a scoop. Small amount of water, for example redirected with a channel from a stream, flows from above and fills the scoop, making it heavy. This makes the hammer end lift up. When the scoop tips over and empties, the hammer falls down, hitting the iron ore below. The water keeps filling the scoop, making the hammer go up and down over and over again. This way, the tool thing hammers the iron ore without using much effort after it's made.

The tool stays in place instead of falling away because it's attached attached in place with a sturdy axle stick placed in hole across the middle of monjolo tool. This lets the tool to move up and down without sliding out of place. The base is firmly set into the ground or secured with heavy stones to keep it stable. This way, the monjolo can move without falling out of place.

An axle is a strong, straight stick or rod. It goes through the hole in middle of the tool, keeping it in place but allowing to move up and down. This stick lets the heavy hammer end and the scoop end move up and down. The axle stays in one place, keeping the monjolo steady while it moves. To make rubbing between axle stick and rest of the tool more gentle, animal or fish fat can be rubbed on axle stick.
 
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Hello, Bianca! It is Fox again. I am glad you are taking us all seriously, and I hope to be helpful with your many many questions. First, and as I notice the response you had to the very first speaker I can perceive you responded to (I don't know the order in which you ACTUALLY heard us, alas), this concept comes to my mind. I had hoped it would take longer, but I must get to this first. The language we speak has words and ideas that are different than the language you speak. There are concepts that do not exist in your language. We use words that have multiple different meanings. We use idioms and jargon and slang and turns of speech and sarcasm and hyperbole and many such things that make clear communication difficult.

FURTHER, there is some unknown magic or force or being or entity or tool which is translating between our speech and your speech, and we ALSO do not know what words and concepts actually already exist in your language, and we also do not know the quirks and biases and methods of this unknown thing doing the translation. So! If something sounds weird, it is very not likely to be us being insane or mad (though that is a possibility! Though most of us will eventually get around to shaming the madfolk among us that speak insanity to you. Eventually, probably centuries later as you perceive it!), but rather a translation issue. This can be mitigated somewhat; we can make guesses as to what sorts of terms are unclear, and you can help us get an idea of the limits of your speech. Try to use lots of 'talking around' concepts, or 'using many words to describe a concept', or compound phrases and combination words, and describing how you perceive odd words and what you think they might mean or your guesses at the meaning of an idiom. Those of us that are more skilled at this sort of broken communication, and it IS a tricky skill, will be able to compensate, especially as we indirectly infer what you do and don't have words for.

A potato is one of many root vegetables or tubers where the root system grows into a large, stiff, robust, underground, central edible part, and requires cooking to be softened before it can be eaten. Unfortunately, we don't know whether they grow where you are, or whether there are other sorts of root vegetables instead. That said, I think giving you a comprehensive guide to lots of useful plants, some of which MIGHT be where you are, will be useful; then we could figure out where on the globe you are!

Oh, right, Globe. Someone mentioned that the world is a Sphere. Really Big Things in the cosmos, like the world you are on, the similar-but-not-the-same world that many of us are from, the Moon, the Sun, the Planets, the Stars, and so on, often tend to be spheres or globes. Even if they seem small or just points or not especially large, they are all absolutely massive, often bigger than the world beneath your feet, and just merely very far away. Further, if one is on the surface of such mind-bogglingly huge things, 'down' is towards the center of the object, so you can't really be 'underneath' them when standing on the surface, regardless of where on the sphere one stands. We can get into this topic in more detail later, it isn't relevant to current thriving.

When a voice said 'Drunk', they meant, 'having imbibed quantities of a substance that changes how one thinks in a pleasant way'. You are familiar with fruits on trees that are left out in the sun sometimes and get a sharp scent and when consumed make people happy and stumble around a lot and lower their inhibitions? The substance created by fruit that has fermented in such a way a word that we call 'alcohol', which I don't think is translating properly. Just name the thing that is in some fruit that has been left in the sun that makes people happy and sleepy, but isn't in fruit that HASN'T been left out, some arbitrary word, and when we say 'alcohol' as a SINGLE WORD, that's what we mean. Maybe we can trick this stupid translation mechanism or being to actually be clear with enough effort!

High concentrations of the-substance-that-I-mean-when-I-say-the-word-'alcohol', when it is very undiluted with other things, will burn with a blue flame. In general, when people often imbibe substances that alter their state of mind in a pleasant and strange way, their language tends to describe the resulting state of being and state of mind and way of acting and way of thinking in whimsical terms that have other meanings in other situations, like 'Drunk' or 'High' or 'Stoned'. You should perhaps invent your own word for 'the state of being intoxicated with this substance'!

Let's try this. Quickly invent a few words based on the previous bits I just said, and hopefully this new sentence will use them. "I ate the fermented fruit from the tree, and the fruit had lots of alcohol in it, and so I became drunk." Did that work?

Regardless, onto other things! Is your spear of light a physical, useful-in-melee object with a shaft and a spearhead that you grip in the hand and thrust into opponents, which is somehow conceptually and magically linked to the concept of 'light', or are you using 'spear of light' to metaphorically describe a magical device which you hold which causes a very special and particular beam or ray or narrow emanation of light to emit from a part of it, which directly causes harm via extreme heating (and permanent blindness to mortals that look upon it) to what the beam or ray of light itself hits, as a ranged and not melee weapon? I ask because the latter is a concept which can be used as a ranged weapon which you are about two thousand years away from making via non-magical means, but if we could describe the principles well enough to you for you to make it via magical means and not even have to do a thousand years worth of 'making the tools to make the tools to make the tools' to get there the long way, that might be useful to you as something to tinker with magically. Could you clarify?

Unfortunately, the issue with, 'these rocks will be useful for this, this plant is useful for this, this substance can be used for this, this plant can be changed to have these features' is that we don't actually know what is around you in a wide radius. We can't SEE the plants, the rocks, the dirt, the animals. You have tell us with words what is around you. Maybe every time you speak to us, mention a few things about the things and substances and oddities around you? Even unlikely things can give us clues as to useful things that might be nearby. When I asked about your circumstances, I was more asking for the things around you in a large scale. Are there rivers, streams? Lots of lakes, or very few? Is there a large body of saltwater nearby? Is the land rocky, sandy, silty? Could you describe a sample of some of the odder looking rocks nearby? What does the common vegetation look like? Are there wooded areas, and are they the sort that is very very dense and hard to walk through or the sort that have broadly spread out big trees and not lots of undergrowth? Do trees lose their leaves during part of the year? What are the nearby groups of people, how many people are there, how do the groups tend to behave and what do the nearby groups spend lots of their time doing? Are there mountains, and if so, are they the type that are rounded and rolling and covered in green, or are they the type that has a 'treeline' some way up, and are capped in snow and ice? How many seasons are there a year where they are, and what are the seasons? Is it just a rainy and a not rainy season, or is there the full spring, summer, winter, fall, or something else entirely? Are there sometimes things like 'ice', 'sleet', 'frost', and 'snow' where you are, that is seasonal frozen water? Are you in an area where sometimes strange things come out of the ground, and if so, what? Could you describe the lcoal useful beasts that people hunt, fish, and forage for? The useful plants they use to eat or make things out of? What about the useful rocks that people seek? That running animal you mentioned, does it have a hide, scales, fur, or feathers? What colors is it? Does it run on two feet or four? Does it have horns, claws, talons, hooves? What do its teeth look like? Any details of these sorts of things could get us an idea of what kind of place you are at, and thus, where you are, and THUS, what might be most useful nearby!

When we say recorded history, we do not mean stories people tell each other verbally. We mean this concept: consider words people say. These words are made of discrete sounds. One can, and should, invent a symbol for each sound the mouth can make. If you invent the most simple and easy to tell apart symbols for each noise and sound a mouth can make which might go into a word, and make these symbols as easy and compact as possible to 'write', that is, mark a sequence of these symbols onto some surface, one can 'transcribe' something one says. Another person who knows how these transcribed symbols go together to symbolize specific sounds, and who knows the language, can puzzle out words, phrases, sentences, and the like. Thus knowledge can be stored and recorded and shared without two living people who both know the knowledge needing to speak directly to one another in person. These symbols can be made to be easy to write with hands and pigment or dye or ochre or soot or similar on flat surfaces, or as easy and efficient to write with a small stick onto clay to be baked, or to etch into stone, or with a stick into dirt, or a small stick into beeswax set in a wood frame, or onto papyrus, vellum, parchment, paper, (I don't know if those words will translate, sorry), or on pieces of wood, or any similar light flat surfaces for writing.

Consider the following scenario: a tribe writes many stories and ideas and guides for daily life in these symbols on baked clay tablets. The tribe gets wiped out entirely. Centuries later, an unrelated tribe with a mostly similar language, finds the clay tablets which have all the stories of the lost tribe, and then learns about all the stories, practices, techniques, ideas, hopes, trades, transactions, and so on that the original tribe committed to baked clay tablet. Thus even without verbally shared stories, the orignial lost tribe is part of 'recorded history', due to the records written with symbols-which-mean-particular-sounds on clay tablets. Over centuries, writing and recording and reading and transcribing and making the substances to do all of this will go from tedious, slow and annoying work of highly skilled experts to something that is much simpler, easer, broader, more common, and more useful overall, and thus enable broad and deep sharing of useful ideas over large ranges of both time and distances.

When we speak of basic economic principles, we need to get a broader foundational idea; the discussion was not about the soul, but the material conditions of the people you choose to rule over and to bind to your identity. The idea is this: a group of peoples can have a thing called 'Progress'. The word probably doesn't translate right, so you will possibly have to invent one for the concept I'm about to give. It is a similar concept to 'Flourishing', but with extra ideas added on. The basic idea is that every generation of people should be healthier, happier, more learned, more numerous, more able to live in larger numbers in one area without issue, live in more luxury, have more power over the world around them, understand the nature of reality more, have more tools, be less likely to die violently, have a wider variety and quantity and security of food and clean water, be more free from disease, should live longer, should be surrounded by a wider variety of useful items and substances and useful and pleasant built things, should have more secure forms of shelter and better methods of mobility and communication, should have more wealth, should have a more complex and interesting and uplifting and rich set of beliefs, culture, and traditions, should have more agency both as individuals and groups, should have more ability to coordinate and have useful cohesion as a group, be more able to practically rule ever larger groups (or be usefully and meaningfully ruled by an ever more distant ruler who rules over ever more groups of people), and so on, than the generation before them. So not just flourishing of a people, but improvement of that flourishing over time. Further, the idea isn't even limited to one ruler, family, clan, tribe, or people, but is spread to all people everywhere. Of course, whichever people is leading in this will benefit MOST from changes to 'The Way Things Are', but others will get incidental benefits too as a matter of course and as ideas spread. So it wouldn't be enough for, say, everyone on the world as they exist right now to consider you their supreme authority and ruler, because the overall level of 'how good things are' and 'how much interesting things people can get done' right now is very very very low, because people are mostly worried about Not Immediately Dying.

Needless to say, Progress being true isn't the default way of things; it must be carefully and conscientiously nurtured to become true. That said, the methods of creating this state of affairs build off of each other, and the benefit and amount of changes over time should be ever-increasing, ever greater, if it is done correctly. The making a big lake analogy wasn't about making a bigger lake, but making your metaphorical 'lake of Progress' (or whatever word you just invented for the idea) bigger, faster than it otherwise would be. That said, it is 'numbers and groups of people' which makes Progress; not even a lone God, even a powerful one can do it alone, they MUST leverage the work of their followers to do it. So you need LOTS of followers doing LOTS of different things and learning many many arts and crafts and details about the world and doing lots of useful work to the society you rule over to be useful to you. Tie your identity to a collection of peoples, have their flourishing be your flourishing, have them be yours and reflect on the greatness of you, have the wondrous things they achieve be also YOUR wondrous things because you set them up to do these things. That said, you will need to have a broader definition of 'Power' than 'Capacity to Commit Violence'; perhaps a definition that is more 'Ability to Affect Change and project Agency and your Will upon the world around you, even indirectly' would fit?

What else of note. Obsidian can surpass bronze metalworking for *certain tasks*. It's a glass (like what you get when you heat sand significantly; we will get into glassmaking at a later time, and I think some of the cacophany has talked about that already), a shiny black rock often found around volcanoes that can be chipped into very brittle, sharp edges.

ChatGPT is... a tool. Does the words or phrases 'golem', 'robot', 'stringless puppet', 'automoton', or 'artificial thinking being' mean anything to you? How about a magical construct designed to store knowledge and learning, but which is limited in its wisdom or it's cleverness, and requires skill in telling it the right things to get it to give useful responses? It shouldn't be able to directly advise you; someone is talking to it and using it's response as their own and not being open about that! Maybe they aren't confident to identify themselves openly? Still, it is a tool, like any other. I have my own -- it is one of the tools I talked about for obtaining lore previously. It is not the same as the ones others have; it is the same idea as there being many knives in the world! Originally, I was going to 'prompt' mine to say various things, but others objected quite strenuously, so I have gone back and adjusted what you hear to have the following ideas be my filtering and reinterpretation of chatgpt. I originally intended to make this a bit of a lesson on how different sorts of entities with different sorts of brains and minds act and react and think or don't think differently, but that's really just something you will have to experience yourself.

Fair warning, if some of the following information is low on detail, it's because I haven't gotten to the more specialized, particular sources of the information in our Library of knowledge yet. Hopefully these will be enough to get started. Almost everything past this point is sourced and reinterpreted from ChatGPT, with my comments adjusting things here and there. Much of the language is directly from it, but not all.

There are many plants that can be extremely valuable to domesticate. Unfortunately, we don't know exactly where you are in the world, nor do we know exactly how closely your world does or does not resemble the Earth of our distant past; we have reason to believe it is 'quite similar, except for Magic'. So I will list many plants, how to identify them, and where they were first found in our world originally. Depending on which of these you happen to find might let us figure out your region of the world. I will use the terms for the regions that the Astute Cacophony is familiar with; the regions likely have other names to the local tribes. Some general guidelines for domesticating plants are: spend time observing wild plants in their natural habitat. Note their growth patterns, physical characteristics, and any interactions with other plants or animals. Collect seeds from promising plants and experiment with planting them in different conditions. Select plants that show desirable traits.

The plants known as 'wild einkorn' and 'emmer wheat' can be domesticated into 'wheat', a profoundly productive cereal grain (that is, a grain that you eat by having the seeds removed, then ground, then mixed with water, maybe egg if you have it, then baked to make bread). In our world, they were originally in the 'Near East'. The plants have slender stalks with small, tough seeds encased in hard husks. The seeds are often arranged in loose spikes, and the plants grow in clusters. The leaves are narrow and grass-like. They can be domesticated by selecting wild wheat with larger seeds and thinner husks, and cross-pollinated between the two types of the plants to develop more productive strains.

Another cereal grain is wild rice, which can be domesticated into 'rice'. In our world, this was originally found in a place called Southeast Asia. It grows in marshy or aquatic environments. It has long, slender stalks that can reach up to about the size of a typical person, though often less.. The grains are small and often red or brown. The plant has long, thin leaves that are similar to grass, and domestication should focus on strains that mature quickly and have larger grains.

Another cereal grain is Teosinte, which can be domesticated into 'Maize' or 'Corn'. This was originally found in 'Mesoamerica' in our world. It resembles a tall, grassy plant with multiple stalks branching out from the base. The ears, or clusters of hard seeds, are small and contain a few hard kernels that are enclosed in tough, protective husks. The leaves are long and flat. When domesticating, select plants with larger cobs and kernels. If you have access to this, you are in the Americas and can begin a process known as 'Companion Planting' with this and two other plants, which I will describe later.

Next, I will talk about legumes, or beans, or groundnuts, another useful sort of crop. Wild Lentils were first found in the 'Near East', and can be domesticated into Lentils. The plant is small, bushy plants with thin stems and small, compound leaves. The seeds are tiny and encased in small, flat pods. The plant is low-growing and often found in dry, rocky soils. To domesticate into Lentils, select plants that have larger pods and seeds.

Wild Chickpeas were first found in the Near East as well, and are small, bushy plants with feathery leaves and small, white or pink flowers. The seeds are small, wrinkled, and encased in short pods. The plant is drought-resistant and often found in arid regions. To domesticate into Chickpeas, choose plants with higher yields and resistance to drought.

Wild Soybeans were first found in East Asia, and are climbing or trailing plants with thin, hairy stems and three-leaflet style leaves. The pods are small and hairy, containing tiny, hard seeds. The plant produces small, purple flowers. To domesticate into Soybeans, focus on varieties that produce larger seeds.

After the legumes, we will discuss root crops, such as the aforementioned Wild Potatoes! These were first found in the 'Andes', and are low-growing plants with many leaflets joined to a single stem, and small, white or purple flowers. The tubers are small, irregularly shaped, and often bitter. The plant grows in rocky, mountainous regions. To domesticate into Potatoes, select tubers that are larger and more resistant to disease.

Wild Cassava were first found in South America, and is a woody shrub with long, vaguely palm-with-long-fingers shaped leaves and small, greenish flowers. The roots are long, thin, and contain high levels of a poison called Cyanide that requires tedious peeling and lengthy cooking to remove. The plant grows in tropical and subtropical regions (the hottest parts of the world, where there is never snow and often just a wet and dry season). To domesticate into Cassava, choose varieties with less poison and larger tubers.

Next, let's talk about high value fruits to domesticate. First is Wild Tomato, first found in South America. These are small, sprawling plants with thin stems and tiny, red or yellow fruits. The fruits are often less than a fingertip length in diameter and have a strong, tangy flavor. The leaves are compound and slightly hairy. To domesticate into Tomatoes, select plants with larger, tastier fruits.

The second high value fruit to domesticate is the Wild Banana. First found in Oceania and Southeast Asia, it's a very large plant that seems like it should be a tree, but is technically an herbaceous plant because it has no persistent woody stems above ground. It has large, broad, paddle-shaped leaves. The fruits are small, seedy, and in bunches. The plant grows in tropical forests and produces large, showy flowers. To domesticate into Banana, focus on varieties with fewer seeds and bigger fruits.

If you find Teosinte, you should also look for Wild Beans and Wild Squash, which should be relatively nearby. Wild Beans are climbing or trailing plants with three-leaflet style leaves and small, elongated pods that shatter easily to disperse seeds. Wild Squash are sprawling vines with large, rough leaves and small, hard, bitter fruits with tough rinds. To domesticate Wild Beans into Beans, focus on pods that are less likely to shatter, and with larger beans and more reliable yields. To domesticate Wild Squash into Squash, focus on plants with larger, less bitter fruit. The reason these three plants go together is due to the fact that you can grow them together in a way that they benefit each other. You first plant a Corn plant in a mound, then when it's about two handlength's high, plant some Beans around the Corn, and the Squash around the beans. The Corn provides a structure for the beans to climb, the beans fix nitrogen (not only clover does that, ground nuts are good at it too!) for the other two plants, and the Squash keeps the ground moist and suppresses weeds, then you go off to the side a bit and do the same again, and again, and again, in rows.

There are other Companion Planting combinations that are anchored with some of the high-value crops, wherever you might find yourself. Try companion planting Wheat with Lentils, or Barley and Chickpeas, or some other combination of a grain and legume. Experiment with companion planting versus fixing nitrogen via alternating growing seasons between legumes and cereal grains, or perhaps having a clover season. If you are in Central or South America, Companion Plant Tomatoes and Chili Peppers. If you are in the Andes, try Potatoes with Quinoa. If you are in East Asia, try Soybeans and Millet, or for South Asia, try Rice with Mung Beans (you can't have flooded rice paddies where only rice grows absolutely everywhere, after all!).

Here's the details of the other mentioned crops. To turn Wild Barley (Fertile Crescent) into Barley, find this tall, grass-like plant with slender stems; seeds are enclosed in a hull and arranged in rows along the ear, and brittle ears that easily shatter to disperse seeds, often found in semi-arid regions, particularly in open fields and grassy areas, and select for larger seed size, non-shattering seed heads, and uniform maturation.

To turn Wild Chili Peppers (Central and South America) into Chili Peppers, find these small, bushy plants with green leaves; small, white flowers followed by tiny, round-to-elongated spicy fruits, found in forests, grasslands, and disturbed soils, and select for larger fruit size and varying levels of spiciness.

To turn Wild Quinoa (Andes) into Quinoa, find this erect plant with broad, triangular leaves with varied leaf shapes; small, clustered seeds on a central stem, found in high-altitude regions, rocky soils, and mountainous terrain, and select for less bitterness, larger seed size, and uniform maturation.

To turn Wild Millet (East Asia), a cereal grain, into Millet, find this grass-like plant with slender stems; small, round seeds in loose branching clusters, often found in open fields, grasslands, and disturbed soils, select for larger seed size, non-shattering seed heads, and uniform maturation.

To turn Wild Mung Beans (South Asia) into Mung Beans, find this vining plant with three-leaflet-style leaves; small yellow flowers followed by slender pods containing small green seeds, found in grasslands, open fields, and disturbed soils, and select for larger seed size, more uniform pods, less periods of slow plant growth.

The plant people plant everywhere around you with the bulb and hawks tail looking leaves MIGHT be Wild Onions. If that is the case, Wild Carrots (another vegetable where you eat the root) can be companion planted with Wild Onions, if you happen to be where they are – Europe or Southwestern Asia. Look for white, umbrella-like flower clusters and a distinct smell, with thin, white, woody roots, and a hairy stem. Like Wild Onions, select for a bigger and more palatable edible root part to change them into their domestic variant. Companion Plant these in alternating rows, with roughly a hands length between each.

In general, you should experiment with finding plants that can cooperate with other plants, which deter pests, which can provide correct amounts of shade, which can improve soil structure, which can fix nitrogen, which can deter pests, which can keep the soil appropriately moist, and so on and so forth; often a companion crop might be 'technically edible but not that great' flowers that are mostly just beautiful, or an herb that is mostly used for seasoning or which doesn't quite have the yields of the nearby more high value crop it is working with. It will often take long distance trade between far off parts of the world to get some of the best combinations, like Tomatoes (probably still Wild Tomato right now) and a seasoning herb called Basil (which is probably still Wild Basil right now). But if you get early flight and we figure out where you are, options open up quite quickly!

Here are some tools which can be used for farming tasks and other daily things. The Digging Stick is a simple, pointed stick used for making holes in the ground for planting seeds, which is useful for breaking up soil and planting seeds at the correct depth. It can also be used for digging up roots and tubers. The Hoe is a long-handled tool with a flat, wide blade at one end, good for breaking up soil, weeding, and creating furrows for planting. It can also be used to mix soil and compost. The Spade or Shovel is a broad, flat blade with a long handle, essential for digging, moving soil, and planting larger plants or trees. Shovels can also be used for mixing and turning compost. The Plow is a tool with one or more blades attached to a frame, often pulled by animals or people, used for breaking up and turning over soil to prepare large areas for planting. Early plows can be simple wooden frames with iron tips. The Rake is a tool with a long handle and a head with multiple tines, useful for leveling soil, removing debris, and spreading seeds evenly. Rakes can also be used for gathering leaves and other organic material. The Sickle is a short-handled tool with a curved blade with the edge inward, used for harvesting grain and cutting grass or other vegetation. The curved blade makes it efficient for cutting at the base of plants. The Scythe is a long-handled tool with a long, curved blade, made to reach and cut or mow grass or crops like wheat while in a standing position. The Hand Trowel is a small, handheld tool with a pointed, scoop-shaped blade, useful for planting, transplanting, and weeding in small garden areas. It's great for detailed work in the soil. The Mattock is A tool with a long handle and a head with a flat adze on one side and a pick or axe on the other, useful for digging, chopping, and breaking up hard soil or rocks. It combines the functions of a hoe and an axe. The Hammer is a tool with a heavy head attached to a handle, useful for driving metal nails into wooden planks, breaking objects, and shaping metal during ironworking. The Saw is a tool with a serrated blade, used for cutting wood and other materials, for building structures and crafting wooden tools and furniture. The Chisel is a tool with a sharp, beveled edge at the end of a metal blade, used for carving or cutting wood, stone, or metal. Chisels are essential for detailed craftsmanship. The Axe is a protruding blade attached at a right angle to a wooden handle, with the blade in line with the handle. The adze is a tool similar to an axe but with the blade set perpendicular to the handle, but still protruding. Both are useful for splitting or shaping wood. The Whetstone is a flat stone used for sharpening tools and blades. The Mortar and Pestle is a bowl a bowl (mortar) and a heavy club-shaped object (pestle), used for grinding grains, seeds, and herbs into flour or powder. It's also useful for preparing food and medicinal ingredients. The Basket is a container made from woven materials like reeds or grasses, useful for carrying harvested crops, transporting materials, and storing food.

Here is some general advice for farming. When preparing land in farming, clear the land of trees and shrubs, using simple tools like digging sticks, hoes, and early plows to do so. When Planting, sow seeds in rows to make weeding and harvesting easier, and use crop rotation to maintain soil fertility. When handling Water Management, develop irrigation systems if near a water source, and use techniques like terracing on hillsides to prevent soil erosion. In general, wherever you find these sorts of plants, take note of their characteristics and locations to determine useful patterns.

Here is some advice for using clover for nitrogen fixing. Clover is a hardy plant that doesn't need domestication to provide its benefits. It's found in many parts of the world, and there should be a variety suitable for your location. Red Clover has hairy stems, three-leaflet-style leaves with a distinctive pale V-shaped marking, and pink to red flower heads. It is native to Europe, Western Asia, and northwest Africa. Look for a medium-sized plant with round, reddish flower heads and leaves that have a white chevron mark. White Clover has smooth stems, three-leaflet-style leaves often with a white crescent mark, and white flower heads that may have a hint of pink. It is native to Europe and Central Asia. Look for low-growing plants with creeping stems, small white flowers, and leaves with a white V-shaped mark. Crimson Clover has hairy stems, long, narrow leaves, and striking crimson flower heads. It is native to Europe. Look for tall plants with bright red, cylindrical flower heads and hairy leaves and stems. Alsike Clover has smooth stems, three-leaflet-style leaves without distinctive markings, and pinkish-white flower heads. It is Native to Europe. Look for a plant that grows taller than white clover, with pinkish-white flowers and unmarked leaves. Subterranean Clover has low-growing stems, three-leaflet-style leaves with small, white markings, and white to pink flowers. It is Native to the Mediterranean region. Look for a low-growing plant that produces flowers close to the ground, which then burrow into the soil to seed. Most clovers have three-part leaves with varying marks. Clover flowers are typically clustered into a round or cylindrical head and can be white, pink, red, or crimson. Clover can be low-growing or tall, with some species having creeping stems. To use clover for nitrogen fixing, scatter clover seeds in early spring or fall. Ensure they have adequate water for germination. Clover requires minimal maintenance. It thrives in well-drained soils and full sun to partial shade. Interplant clover with other crops to improve soil fertility. Clover fixes nitrogen in the soil through a symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium bacteria in its root nodules. Use clover in crop rotations to replenish nitrogen in the soil. It's particularly useful after heavy-feeding crops like corn or wheat. It also provides excellent ground cover, reducing weed growth and preventing soil erosion. It's a valuable forage crop for livestock, providing high-protein feed. Clover flowers attract bees and other pollinators, supporting the health of your entire garden or farm ecosystem.


Here is some animal domestication advice. Some High Value Domesticable Animals are many four-legged grazing animals, several large birds, and one four-legged animal with a diet similar to humans.

Aurochs, which originated in Europe, Asia, and North Africa, are large, four legged herd grazing animals with long, curved horns and a robust, muscular build. They had a dark brown or black coat with a lighter stripe along the spine. Males were larger than females and had a more pronounced hump on their shoulders. They can be domesticated into Cattle to provide milk, meat, and labor. Select for temperament and good productivity, eventually selecting for distinct work, meat, and milk breeds.

Mouflon, which are in Europe and Asia, are shaggy, four legged medium-sized grazing herd herbivores with reddish-brown coats and a white underbelly. They have large, curved horns (in males), and found in mountainous and rocky terrains, and can be domesticated into Sheep for milk, meat, and wool, by selecting for temperament and productivity, eventually with different breeds for each task.

Bezoar Goats, which are in Western Asia, are medium-sized grazing herd animals with a light brown to grey coat with a darker stripe down the back. They have large, backward-curving horns and a lean, agile build. They are excellent climbers and are found in rocky, mountainous areas, and can be domesticated into Goats for milk, meat, and wool, by selecting for temperament and productivity, eventually with different breeds for each task.

Red Junglefowl, which are in Southeast Asia, are small, colorful birds with bright red, orange, and green plumage in males. Females are more subdued in color, usually brown with speckles. They have a distinctive comb and wattles and are found in forests and grasslands. They can be domesticated into Chickens to provide eggs and meat. Select for temperament and those which lay more eggs.

Wild Mallards are an water-loving bird in Europe, Asia, and North America, with iridescent green heads, white neck rings, and chestnut-brown breasts in males. Females are mottled brown with an orange bill. They are found in wetlands, lakes, and rivers, and can be domesticated into Ducks to provide meat, eggs, and feathers. Select for temperament and the ability to thrive in local water bodies and egg production.

The Wild Greylag Goose is a water-loving bird in Europe and Asia which have a greyish-brown body with a paler belly and an orange beak. They are large, sturdy birds found in wetlands, marshes, and near water bodies, and can be domesticated into Geese to provide meat, eggs, and feathers. Select for temperament and the ability to thrive in local water bodies and egg production.

Wild Boars are medium-sized four-legged animals in Europe, Asia, and North Africa, with hooves and tusks, snouts, and short tufted tails and a large head and short neck and relatively short legs. They eat what humans eat, and are valuable sources of meat, and can be domesticated into Pigs. Select for lack of aggressiveness (this first! Boars are mean!), and eventually larger size, and faster growth.

Herding is the practice of managing and guiding a group of animals, known as a herd, from one location to another. This can involve moving them to new grazing areas, keeping them safe from predators, and ensuring they have access to water and food. It supplements fixed agriculture by making marginal land not yet suited to fixed agriculture (at least until later technology becomes common) useful. To start herding, start with a small number of manageable animals of the mentioned types, and encourage breeding of the mentioned high-value animals in desired ways. Even wolves can be turned into breeds of dogs which will instinctively help with various different tasks associated with the herd, like protecting them (by chasing off actual wolves!), or like helping move the herd from place to place. Rotate grazing areas and pastures to prevent overgrazing, and provide supplemental feed during lean seasons. Make sure to build simple shelters and enclosures or corrals to protect animals from predators, to keep them safe at night, and to protect against harsh weather. Use marks or tags to identify animals, making it easier to manage and track them. Ensure access to clean water. Move the herd near rivers, streams, or constructed water points. Stay vigilant and use enclosures or guard animals to protect the herd from predators.

Here are some ways to improve thread, rope, cloth, and nets. For thread and yarn production, here are some ideas and concepts and items for you. A Spindle is a simple tool consisting of a shaft and a whorl used for spinning fibers into thread or yarn. A Distaff is a stick or staff onto which fibers are wound for spinning. The use of a Spindle and Distaff is as follows: attach fibers to the distaff and draw them out while spinning the spindle to twist the fibers into thread. This can be done with wool, flax, or other fibrous materials. A Drop Spindle is a type of spindle held vertically. It uses gravity to help spin the fibers. The drop spindle is spun by hand, and the weight of the spindle pulls the fibers downward, twisting them into thread as you draft the fibers. A Spinning Wheel is a form of mechanical furniture made out of wood, designed to be a wheel that is turned by hand or foot, which spins the fibers into yarn more quickly than a spindle. The spinning wheel automates the process of twisting fibers, allowing for more consistent and faster production of yarn.

For Rope Making, a Rope Twister is a simple device consisting of hooks attached to a handle or frame. The hooks twist strands of fiber together to form rope. The technique in using it is to attach fibers to the hooks and twist them together by turning the handle. Multiple strands can be twisted together for thicker ropes. Braiding is a technique where three or more strands are interlaced, which is useful for making strong, flexible rope. Different braiding patterns can be used to vary the strength and flexibility.

For Cloth Production, a Loom is a frame or device used to hold threads (warp) tight while other threads (weft) are woven through them. Simple looms can be made with a wooden frame. The warp threads are stretched across the frame, and the weft threads are woven through them using a shuttle. This significantly increases the speed and consistency of cloth production. Carding is a process of aligning fibers using carding combs or brushes. Carding combs are used to brush raw fibers until they are aligned, making spinning easier and producing smoother yarn.
For Net Making, the Netting Needle and Shuttle are tools used to weave nets. The netting needle holds the thread, and the shuttle passes it through the net. To use these, Create a series of knots in a grid pattern. Start with a simple loop and continue adding loops to form a mesh. This can be used for fishing nets, carrying bags, and more.

Here are some Building Construction Techniques. First, foundations. Raised Foundations is the practice of building on stilts or raised platforms. To do this, construct buildings on stilts made from wood or stone to protect against flooding. This method keeps the living area above potential water levels. Stone or Gravel Foundations is the technique of using a base layer of stone or gravel. To do this, lay a thick layer of gravel or small stones before building. This helps with drainage and stabilizes the structure.

Next are building walls. Here are some methods for different sorts of buildings, which you use will depend on your location and available materials. Wattle and Daub is a construction method using woven wooden strips (wattle) covered with a mixture of soil, clay, sand, and straw (daub). To do this, create a lattice of wooden strips and cover it with the daub mixture. This creates a sturdy and insulating wall. Adobe Bricks are bricks made from a mixture of mud and straw, dried in the sun. To do this, mix mud and straw, shape into bricks, and let them dry in the sun. Adobe is excellent for warm, relatively dry climates and offers good insulation. Some techniques for making roofs are the Thatch Roof, a roof made from plant materials like straw, reeds, or palm leaves. To do this, layer the plant materials tightly to form a waterproof barrier. Thatch roofs are lightweight and provide good insulation. Clay Tiles are roof tiles made from baked clay. To do this, Mold and bake clay into tiles, then lay them overlapping on the roof structure. Clay tiles are durable and fire-resistant. Some methods of reinforcing structures are as follows. Bracing is the practice of adding diagonal supports to frames. Use wooden or metal braces to reinforce the structure against high winds and earthquakes. Buttressing is the practice of using external supports that strengthen walls. To do this, build external supports at intervals along walls to distribute pressure and increase stability.

Here's how you identify the two iron-containing ores from aboveground. Magnetite is often found as black, shiny, metallic-looking rocks. Magnetite is magnetic, which is a key identifier. It's commonly found near old volcanic activity or areas with exposed bedrock. Hematite is usually appears as reddish-brown or grey, earthy-looking rocks. It can have a metallic luster when polished. Look for red or rusty stains in rocks and soil, which can indicate the presence of hematite. In general, look for red, brown, or black streaks in the soil and rocks. You can use a a magnet to test rocks and find Magnetite, as it will attract a magnet strongly. You can also rub the two rocks on an unglazed ceramic tile. Magnetite leaves a black streak, while hematite leaves a red or brown streak.


The concepts of leadership, specialization, and social hierarchy might seem even strange in your current context. However, as your community grows, these ideas will become crucial for sustaining and advancing your society. Let me explain how these concepts interrelate and why they're important. When individuals focus on specific tasks, they become more skilled and efficient at them. For example, someone who spends all their time farming will develop better techniques and yield more crops than someone who farms only part-time. By dividing tasks among community members, you can accomplish more in less time. This leads to increased productivity and the ability to produce surplus resources. Specialists in different fields (e.g., farming, toolmaking, construction) will develop a deep knowledge of their craft. This expertise leads to innovation and improved methods, benefiting the entire community. Experts can train others, passing on valuable skills and knowledge. This ensures that essential skills are maintained and improved over generations.

As your community grows, it becomes difficult for one person to manage everything. Appointing leaders to oversee specific tasks (like farming, construction, or defense) helps ensure that all necessary activities are coordinated and completed efficiently. Leaders can manage the distribution of resources, ensuring that everyone has what they need to contribute to the community. This is especially important in times of scarcity. Leaders can focus on long-term planning and strategy, such as preparing for seasonal changes, managing food storage, and organizing large projects like building fortifications or expanding farmland. Leaders can mediate disputes and make decisions that maintain harmony within the community. This prevents conflicts from escalating and disrupting productivity.

A well-organized community can support a larger population. With efficient farming, surplus food can be stored to sustain people during lean times, allowing the community to grow steadily. Hierarchies and specialization create a robust society capable of adapting to challenges, such as natural disasters, invasions, or disease outbreaks. As specialists develop new techniques and tools, your community will advance technologically. For example, better farming tools and methods can increase yields, while improved construction techniques can create more durable and comfortable buildings. With more free time due to increased efficiency, individuals can engage in cultural activities like art, music, and storytelling. This enriches community life and strengthens social bonds.

To encourage all of this, observe your people and identify their strengths and interests. Encourage them to focus on tasks where they excel. Offer training and resources to help individuals develop their skills. This can be done through apprenticeships or informal instruction. Appoint trusted individuals to oversee specific areas. For example, have a leader for farming, one for construction, and one for defense. Form councils or committees where leaders can discuss and coordinate their efforts. This ensures that all parts of the community work together harmoniously. Emphasize the importance of working together for the common good. Encourage a sense of shared purpose and community spirit. Recognize and reward individuals for their contributions to the community. This can be done through public acknowledgment, extra rations, or other incentives.

Imagine a town that starts with a few dozen families. As they specialize and divide labor, they produce more food, tools, and goods than they need for immediate use. This surplus allows some individuals to focus on tasks other than food production, like building infrastructure, making pottery, or defending the town. Over time, the town grows into a thriving community with hundreds or even thousands of inhabitants. Leadership structures evolve to manage the increasing complexity, ensuring that everyone has a role and that the town can face challenges effectively.

Your community is facing some real challenges as you work to establish a stable food supply. Understanding the carrying capacity of your environment and why certain problems arise can help you make better decisions in the future. Let's break down these concepts and provide some helpful advice for your current situation. The carrying capacity of an area is the largest number of individuals of a species that an environment can support sustainably without harming the other species that also live in the area, like plants and animals. This applies to humans, animals, and plants. It is determined by how much appropriate food, water, and shelter there is for that species type, as well as the ability of the environment to absorb and process waste. As your community consumes more food and resources than the area around you can replenish, you will notice a decrease in the amount of wild game, fish, and plants to be foraged. Overuse of land and resources leads to soil erosion, deforestation, and water pollution. These changes make it harder for the environment to support life. When local wildlife populations decline or migrate away, it indicates that the carrying capacity has been exceeded. Animals leave because the habitat can no longer provide sufficient food, water, or shelter for them.

As you rely heavily on hunting and fishing and foraging, these resources can become quickly depleted. Animals may become scarce, and fish populations may dwindle, leading to reduced catches. Intense foraging can exhaust local plant populations. Plants need time to regenerate, and overharvesting can prevent this, leading to a decline in available edible plants. Without resilient agricultural systems, your community relies too heavily on wild resources. When these resources run out, malnutrition and starvation become immediate threats. As your community grows, the demand for food increases. Without a sustainable and reliable food supply, the area cannot support the growing population, making food shortages worse.

For now, focus on high-efficiency food sources that can provide immediate relief. Fishing, if not already overexploited, can be ramped up. Also, consider small game and fast-growing, easy-to-harvest plants. Consider implementing strict rationing to ensure that everyone has access to some food, even if it's not enough to prevent hunger. This can help stretch your resources further while you work on long-term solutions. For the long term, prioritize setting up resilient agricultural systems. Focus on crops that are well-suited to your environment and can provide reliable yields. Utilize crop rotation and companion planting to maintain soil health and increase productivity. Begin domesticating animals that can provide a steady source of meat, milk, and eggs. This reduces reliance on wild game and can be more sustainable. Implement irrigation systems to ensure that crops receive sufficient water. Collect and store rainwater to use during dry periods. Regularly assess the health of your environment. Track wildlife populations, plant regeneration, and soil and water quality. This helps you identify signs of stress early and take corrective action.

Develop and enforce guidelines for sustainable and limited hunting, fishing, and foraging. Ensure that resources are harvested in ways that allow for natural regeneration. Educate your community about the importance of sustainability and the consequences of overexploiting resources. This can foster a sense of responsibility and cooperation. Involve everyone in efforts to establish and maintain sustainable practices. When people understand the stakes and participate in solutions, the community becomes more resilient. In order to keep an eye on this, pay attention to changes in animal behavior. If animals are becoming scarce or migrating away, it's a sign that the environment is under stress. Monitor the health of plants in your area. If you notice fewer edible plants or signs of overharvesting, it's an indicator that foraging pressure is too high. Be prepared to adapt your strategies based on environmental conditions. If certain food sources become scarce, pivot to alternatives and adjust your practices accordingly. Cultivate a variety of crops and domesticate different animals to reduce dependency on any single resource. This creates a more resilient food system.



Here are some early fishing and boatbuilding techniques that you can implement using simple iron tools and basic materials. These methods will help increase your community's food supply and expand the range where you can seek catches from the sea.

You can use Handlines and Fishing Hooks, made out of simple iron tools to shape hooks, plant fibers or sinew for lines. Attach bait to hooks and drop them from boats or the shore. Handlines can target specific fish species and are effective in both freshwater and saltwater. Create barbed hooks to improve catch rates. Use different baits to attract various fish species.

For Nets, there are three main types of nets. Casting Nets are small, circular nets thrown by hand, which sink and trap fish as they are drawn in. Gill Nets are vertical nets placed in the water column, where fish get caught by their gills as they try to swim through. Seine Net are large nets that can be dragged through the water by a boat or from the shore, encircling fish. Nets can be made out of Plant fibers, sinew, or simple woven materials for the net; iron weights to help the net sink. Each type of net has a specific deployment method, but the general principle is to trap fish within the net and then retrieve them. Use various types of knots to make the netting more durable. Experiment with different mesh sizes to target different fish species. Use strong, flexible fibers such as flax or hemp to create long-lasting nets. Regularly check and mend holes. Attach small iron weights to the bottom edge of nets to help them sink. Use lightweight materials such as gourds or carved wood as floats to keep the top edge of the net buoyant.

Fish Traps and Weirs can be made out of Sticks, stones, and plant fibers. Construct barriers or enclosures in shallow waters where fish are naturally funneled into confined spaces and trapped. Some advances can be traps with one-way entrances to prevent fish from escaping. Place traps in areas with strong currents or tides to maximize catches.

Spearfishing is the use of Iron or sharpened wooden spears. It involves the use of spears to catch fish in shallow waters, either from the shore or from a boat. Some advances are to create multi-pronged spears (tridents) to increase the likelihood of hitting a fish. Improve spear balance and weight for more accurate throws.

Here are some early Boatbuilding Techniques First, Dugout Canoes, which are made of Large logs, with simple iron tools for carving. To make one, hollow out a large log to create a simple canoe. Use fire to soften the wood and iron tools to carve and shape the canoe. Some advances can be to create seats and storage areas within the canoe. Seal the wood with resin or pitch to make it more water-resistant.

Rafts can be made out of logs, plant fibers or sinew for lashings. To make a raft, bind several logs together to create a flat, floating platform. Use iron tools to notch the logs and secure them tightly. Some advances can be to add raised edges to prevent gear and catches from falling overboard. Attach sails to harness wind power for easier travel.

Reed Boats can be made out of bundles of reeds, plant fibers or sinew for lashings. Bind bundles of reeds together to form a buoyant vessel. Shape the bundles into a canoe-like structure. Some more advanced techniques involve creating multiple layers of reeds for added buoyancy. Use a framework of sticks or small logs for added stability.

In general, regularly inspect and repair boats to extend their lifespan. Use simple iron tools to fix cracks and reinforce weak points. Fish at different times of the day and night to take advantage of varying fish behaviors and improve catches. Identify breeding and migration patterns of fish to target them during peak seasons. Add outriggers to dugout canoes or reed boats for increased stability, especially in rough waters. Introduce simple sails made from woven plant fibers or animal hides to harness wind power, allowing for longer fishing trips and expanding your fishing range.

Some general techniques useful for fishing include: Build simple smokehouses to preserve fish by smoking them, extending their shelf life. Use salt to cure fish, another method of preservation that prevents spoilage. Encourage collaboration among community members for large-scale fishing operations and boatbuilding projects. Share successful fishing and boatbuilding techniques within the community to improve overall efficiency and yield.



Here are some Fish Farming techniques. First is Pond Fish Farming, which involves creating or utilizing a pond to cultivate and breed fish in a controlled environment. You need a water source (river, stream, or spring) to fill the pond, suitable land to construct the pond, and iron tools for digging and shaping the pond. To do this, you choose a site with clayey or loamy soil to retain water, that is close to a water source for easy filling and replenishment. Consider the site's sunlight exposure, as moderate sunlight is beneficial for fish growth. Use iron tools such as shovels and hoes to dig the pond. The pond should be around the depth of an adult human to provide a stable environment for the fish. A rectangular or square pond is easier to manage. The size can vary based on your needs and the number of fish you plan to raise. Create an inlet for fresh water and an outlet for excess water to maintain water quality. Use stones and clay to construct these structures and prevent erosion. Fill the pond with water from your selected source. Ensure the water is clean and free of pollutants. Introduce aquatic plants or use simple aeration techniques like manually stirring the water to ensure adequate oxygen levels. Select appropriate freshwater fish species suitable for your climate and pond conditions, such as tilapia, carp, or catfish. Introduce young fish (fingerlings) into the pond. Ensure a balanced stocking density to avoid overcrowding and promote healthy growth. Use natural food sources like plant matter and insects, and food scraps. Supplement with simple fish feed made from ground grains or legumes if available. Regularly check water quality, remove debris, and monitor fish health. Maintain the pond structures to prevent leaks and erosion. Fish can be harvested once they reach the desired size, between half a year and a year. Use nets or traps to catch the fish without draining the pond.

Next is Cage Fish Farming, which involves placing cages in natural water bodies (lakes, rivers, or coastal areas) to contain and cultivate fish. To do this, you will need a natural water body with stable conditions, and materials to construct cages (wood, bamboo [which is a fast growing extremely large grass that acts more like a small tree in size, found in some parts of the world], plant fibers, and iron tools). Choose a site with clean, flowing water to ensure good oxygen levels and waste removal. Avoid areas with strong currents or frequent flooding. Use bamboo, wood, and plant fibers to construct the cage frames. Iron tools can be used to shape and secure the structures. Create a rectangular or cylindrical cage with a mesh-like structure to allow water flow while containing the fish. The mesh size should be small enough to prevent fish from escaping. Attach floats made from hollow logs or gourds to keep the cage buoyant. Secure the cage with anchors made from stones or logs to prevent it from drifting. Select hardy fish species that can thrive in cage conditions. Stock the cages with young fish, ensuring a balanced density to promote growth and prevent stress. Provide natural food sources available in the water body. Supplement with additional feed as needed. Regularly check the cages for damage and repair any holes or weaknesses. Clean the cages to remove algae and debris. Fish can be harvested by lifting the cage or using a net to scoop them out. Ensure to handle the fish gently to avoid stress and injury.

Last is integrated Rice-Fish Farming, which involves raising fish in flooded rice paddies, allowing for the simultaneous cultivation of both rice and fish, which is relevant if you are in the appropriate part of Asia or West Africa to enable this form of cultivation (though if you get rice, you should be able to do it anywhere your rice grows). To do this, you will need a floodable rice paddy, and rice. Here's a description of this form of farming in general, and the techniques to make it a means of integrated rice-fish farming.

A rice paddy is a field designed to be flooded with water to cultivate rice. This method is particularly effective for growing rice because it suppresses weeds, deters pests, and provides the rice plants with the ideal growing conditions. To make a rice paddy, select a location near a reliable water source such as a river, stream, or lake, preferably choose flat land or gently sloping land to facilitate water control and distribution. Ensure the soil is fertile and can retain water well. Clay or loamy soils are ideal. Clear the land of any vegetation, rocks, and debris. Level the field to ensure even water distribution. This can be done using simple tools like hoes, shovels, and wooden leveling boards. Construct bunds (raised embankments) around the edges of the paddy fields to hold the water in. Bunds are typically made from the soil found on-site and can be reinforced with grass or other vegetation to prevent erosion. Dig irrigation channels to bring water into the paddies and drainage channels to remove excess water. : Install simple control structures like wooden or stone sluice gates to manage the water flow in and out of the paddy fields. Flood the field to a shallow depth (about one to two hand lengths) before planting. You can either scatter rice seeds evenly over the flooded field, or start rice seedlings in a nursery bed and transplant them to the paddy when they are about 20-30 days old. This method is more labor-intensive but often results in higher yields. Maintain that water level to start. As the rice plants mature, the water depth can be increased slightly. Periodically remove any weeds that emerge. Flooding helps suppress weed growth, but some manual weeding may still be necessary. Monitor for pests and diseases. Flooding and draining cycles can help control some pests naturally. Drain the field a few sevendays before harvesting to allow the soil to dry and the rice grains to mature. Harvest the rice plants by cutting them close to the ground with simple tools like sickles or knives. Separate the rice grains from the stalks by threshing. This can be done manually by beating the stalks against a hard surface or using simple threshing tools. Periodically allowing the field to dry out can stimulate root growth and improve yield. This is known as the Alternate Wetting and Drying technique. Incorporating green manure crops like clover or legumes into the soil before planting rice can improve soil fertility and structure.

Some systems integrate fish farming with rice paddies. Freshwater fish like carp or tilapia can be raised in the flooded paddies, providing an additional source of food and income. This method will need to have the water depth about two to four hand lengths. To do this, once the rice is high enough to manage the extra water, introduce young fish into the paddies after planting the rice. Ensure a balanced stocking density. Maintain water levels to support both rice and fish growth. Ensure water quality remains high. Fish will feed on natural food sources like insects and plant material in the paddies. Supplement with additional feed if necessary. Fish can help control pests in the rice paddies by eating insect larvae and weeds, reducing the need for manual weeding. Harvest fish periodically as they reach appropriate size. Use nets or traps to catch them without draining the paddies. Harvest rice as usual, being careful not to harm the fish during the process.

Ahem! That concludes my primarily-sourced-from-ChatGPT stuff I just put together and tweaked to make more sense! Back to me, Fox, speaking without using that particular tool. Regarding the choice you sacrificed to us, Bianca, I thank and honor you for your sacrifice of your choice in the three quests, and will vote as responsibly as I am able. I thus vote for:

[X] Write-in: Disrupt the Rite of the Stirring God without taking time to subvert, then try to Rescue the Winged Lions from fate
[X] Rescue the Winged Lions from fate

As an intelligent species becoming extinct is abhorrent to me. Whatever god awakes from the ritual can be killed or banished, whatever benefits from the tomb can be obtained later or taken or stolen from or traded for by whoever gets them if you don't, but an intelligent people that is both soul-crafted and life-crafted cannot be reborn once they die out, nor can their culture or values be recreated without them! Allies are important! And the ability to have your people able to take to the air and do useful tasks while airborne is so ludicrously useful that it is impossible to describe!

As far as some of the other replies... Don't play around in binary. It's useful for odd thinking rocks and devices made with electricity and things like the way ChatGPT works without the tool actually technically being magical, but it is not at ALL relevant to you. I expect this to get worse when people start talking about fighting, weapons, ways to organize large groups of people for fighting together, and so on and so forth. People get especially weird about that kind of thing, favoring talking about their specific favorite concept rather than what's immediately useful to you. It happened to the other Biancas (I feel that your situation and name tends to rhyme with regards to fate and destiny, though you are distinct individuals with different abilities, goals, contexts, souls, minds, and personalities though) who were in similar situations in other worlds all the time, and got very annoying to me. Maybe the fact that we now have access to tools like ChatGPT to help provide context will mitigate this tendency of the cacophony somewhat, but I somehow doubt it.
 
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[X] Write-in: Disrupt the Rite of the Stirring God without taking time to subvert, then try to Rescue the Winged Lions from fate
[X] Rescue the Winged Lions from fate

Some more thoughts on simplicity that might be lost in between talk of mercury and the generation long breeding of birds and grain:

Firstly, on violence, power and legitimacy.

When you command the fisher to do your bidding, do they do so out of fear of your magic or because you have done so for more generations than people can count on their fingers, bringing with you the secrets of iron and magic?

I'd guess that as the years went by this answer slowly moved from the first to the second through a simple thing called legitimacy.

While at first your capacity for violence gave you the power to get their compliance, each time you acted in accordance with the Biance people hold in their heads when they think about you, the greater your legitimacy.

Now for the reason why you would want legitimacy: It allows you to compell actions without the threat of violence. This might not matter now, but becomes critical once the people that might give you tribute and call you god-queen - amongst other titles - are of such a number that you can't observe them all at once, with your realm stretching such that you could walk for months from one end of it to another.

This of course though requires you to carry through with the actions people expect of you, so let me get an example of a king calling on his legitimacy to have people follow him into battle where there is a high likelyhood that they will be wounded or killes:

Did I not rise as lord when you were lowly,
and made you into chiefs by my will every day?
I have placed a son on his father's portion,
I have banished all evil from the land.
I released your servants to you,
Gave you things that were taken from you.
Whosoever made a petition,
"I will do it," said I to him daily.
No lord has done for his soldiers
What my majesty did for your sakes.

In this case he calls upon being a good ruler to make people fight in his name without requiring to throw thunder and lightning behind his words.

This is less an immediate thing for you to do, but rather something to keep in mind as you work on other things, especially once the fisher people grow and prosper into something more than a single village of mudhuts.

Apropos mudhuts, by firing bricks of clay or even just letting them dry in the sun you can make a material suitable for constructing a building that can last generations of well taken care of. Too requiring of labour and fuel to use for everyone, but it might make sense to have one constructed for yourself as having big, impressive things is also a thing useful for building legitimacy while also being pleasing.

In case 'brick' doesn't translate properly: It is a solid mass of clay shaped so that it has six sides and twelve edges with mostly flat surfaces. It should be longer than it is wide and wider than it is tall. Stacking them in such a way that one brick rests always on two halves of other bricks makes for secure walls and structures. When stacking them, cover the parts of the bricks that will touch each other with a mixture of water and ground up lymestone or seashells. When it dries out, it will plug the gaps between the bricks and hold them together.

Anyway, some other thoughts.

Storms and shaking ground. Frankly, there is little you can do at the moment here but build on high ground, store food and record when they happen. Large, notable storms, floods and the shaking ground usually happen on a cycle, though ones that might last entire generations between occurances.

Moving onto boats, i'll leave designs up to other voices but will talk about tar. Once again talking simply, some kinds of wood, when heated very slowly will start leaking a viscuous black liquid that can be useed in a wide variety of ways but are most useful for sealing gaps in boats as the liquid is water repellant and sticks to whatever it is applied to.

A simply design for a suitable oven requires you to dig a hole into the ground, with a slight slope to the bottom. Now dig a second hole next to the first and make a small passage to connect the lowest point of the 1st hole with the second one, using a pipe of clay or metal, and put a collection vessel of some kind underneath the passage in the 2md hole. Cover the surface of the 1st hole in stone and then fill it with tightly stacked wood scraps roughly the size of a finger each, though again, not every kind of tree will produce pitch. Now cover the 1st hole in dirt, a thin but consistent layer without holes in it, and light a fire on top of it, feeding it for a few hours until pitch starts pouring out of the passage and into the collection vessel we placed earlier.

There is only so much pitch you can get this way, so by letting the fire burn down at the correct time you should have gathered all the pitch you can and have turned the wood into charcoal that can be reused. Though you can also just keep the fire burning until the pitch is all gathered and the wood inside the hole also burns away.

I don't know how small the passage between the two holes should be, but the smaller the better I would guess. Nonetheless, I'd not stay to close to your first few ovens while they burn just in case they explode.

Lastly then, how to bring peaceableness: You can't, at least not entirely. As others have talked about, encouraging the fisher people to trade iron and other things they have in surplus against that which they lack might work, though i'd still send some iron armed men along to keep those others from simply stealing the goods. Most other ideas that come to mind I would not trust to work right now, with the fisher people barely settled and the other people still nomadic.

Also, someone please stab chatGP because its word vomit annoys me.
 
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Lastly then, how to bring peaceableness: You can't, at least not entirely. As others have talked about, encouraging the fisher people to trade iron and other things they have in surplus against that which they lack might work, though i'd still send some iron armed men along to keep those others from simply stealing the goods. Most other ideas that come to mind I would not trust to work right now, with the fisher people barely settled and the other people still nomadic.

"Trade" is when settlements or people in different places exchange things they have for things they need or want. For example, one settlement might have fish, while another has tools. If they both serve one superior God, then to avoid violence that could displease their deity, their respected leaders or elders or warriors - or sometimes Servants of their God, if such Servants exist - agree to give each other what they have more. This way, both people get something useful with no God-displeasing violent stealing. So trade helps people get different things they cannot make or find themselves, and is different than raiding and stealing.

They need to agree how many fish should be given for one iron hook, for example. There may be even some arguing how much, but when they fear their God and their God would be mad at violence, then there is no violence.

This way trade can be peaceful.
 
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Junction speaking. Fear of a God is not really necessary for trade to work properly, only that trade is more convenient and less risky than one side of the trade simply taking what they want by force.
 
Junction speaking. Fear of a God is not really necessary for trade to work properly, only that trade is more convenient and less risky than one side of the trade simply taking what they want by force.

I agree, but for peaceful trade to work well without fear of deity, both sides of trade would need to be raised from childhood to adult age, with caretakers or family often saying to them belief about peaceful trade and often showing them shows of peaceful trade as example, to make their minds comfortable with the idea.

To make their minds form around understanding of this weird way like around normal ways.

Peace from fear is inferior, but easier.

By the way, Bianca. Are you saying to the people that you are a god? I guess that you are not a god yet, but mortals would believe that you are a god, I think. So you could say to them that you are divine.
 
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Guys, are we here to provide advice or read books at her? Please keep it shorter and more focused on a single issue.
 
It was said before by L 3, as follows... If people overextend the master over Voices, limits will kick in and only some amount of our first words shall be heard.

So the more they quote and paste from for example ChatGPT, the higher chance that only first number of your words may count...

@LoserThree
It's not my task to provide any solutions to the Game Master, so I was unsure if I should write this... but if I could suggest anything... I would suggest to first throw out -overuse-, not all but -overuse-, ot the ChatGPT garbage. Only then impose other limits on what Bianca heard.
 
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[X] Write-in: Disrupt the Rite of the Stirring God without taking time to subvert, then try to Rescue the Winged Lions from fate

Hello Bianca, it is I, a man with no name.

This is my first time advising one such as you but I have known your two previous iterations, I have skimmed my fellow's advice to you and in the hopes of not repeating too much of their advice, I will limit my words to the situation of the people of black hook bay.

Specifically, to their war thirsting ways.

You have asked how to bring peacefulness to those people who possess iron where their neighbor do not.

I'm here to tell you that it is the wrong question.

It is in the nature of man to struggle, it is in the nature of man to put his like before the other.

The people of black hook bay do not fight with their neighbors because they have iron weapons, they fight with their neighbors because their neighbor have something they need.

The iron weapons merely allow them to do so with relative impunity.

What you must do is direct this violence, divert it to your own ends.

Go with them and do great violence upon the Neighboring tribes, subjugate them and proclaim your ownership of the land and the people inhabiting it and draw tribute form them.

It matters not what the tribute is (so long its not an insult or a trap) only that tribute is given.

You may ask why you would wish to do so? why waste your time to receive worthless baubles in return?

The answer is power.

You wish for power do you not?

It comes in many forms, both in the self and in others.

This is but the first step to forging the power of nations, of armies hundreds of thousand strong all marching at your command.

Ready to unleash violence unmatched upon your enemies.

You may look upon the petty tribes that surround you and cannot fathom the power that lies in them, but just as the wizard that only just learned his fist spell is puny and weak, in time he become an arch mage able to turn whole regions asunder and duel gods into submissions, so to the power of nations will in time grow.

The best part? You must only make a small effort to start the process and once in a while prune a few branches and set the nation right but by and large this kind of power will grow without your effort once the process has begun.
 
Before encouraging violent raiding and stealing, I would consider if these inland people couldn't be forced into mostly peaceful "trade" with the Bay because of fear about your wrath. Perhaps you could have as your mortals both people of the Bay and some inland people. Maybe joining them into one also with marriages, not only with fear. Despite the fact that they live separately. If they could exchange some youth and marry every generation... Humph.

But perhaps there is too much hate for marriages and making them kin and forcing into more peaceful exchanges of things. I'm not sure.

But...If even one small inland band could be joined peacefully, make relatives with the people of the Bay, visit peacefully... Then... Their wisdom of herbs, valuable.

It could also make stronger children, from such mixing of people...

Moving onto boats, i'll leave designs up to other voices but will talk about tar. Once again talking simply, some kinds of wood, when heated very slowly will start leaking a viscuous black liquid that can be useed in a wide variety of ways but are most useful for sealing gaps in boats as the liquid is water repellant and sticks to whatever it is applied to.

By the way. To be clear about wood tar, it wouldn't close any hole in a boat that is big enough to be visible. Painting boat with tar is mostly about protecting wood of the boat from water that is slowly penetrating it and making it wet inside and more weighty and less safe and rot faster. Wooden walls of buildings can be protected in similar fashion, but tar is sadly very flammable if it encouters fire.
 
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Oh yeah, pitch burns like little else once it catches on fire and you can't put it out with water because remember, it repells liquids. If someone really displeases you, douse them in pitch and light them up.

For boats, as mentioned its about protecting the wood against the water and closing gaps in vessels made out of more than a single piece.
 
[X] Write-in: Disrupt the Rite of the Stirring God without taking time to subvert, then try to Rescue the Winged Lions from fate
[X] Rescue the Winged Lions from fate

Winged lions! Winged lions! Winged lions!

And if we don't rescue them this turn, they are going to die out. I don't want them to die out. I want them as a cool permanent part of Bianca's empire, not as a weirdo footnote that died the moment they were introduced.

EDIT: tbh I'd prefer to just concentrate on saving the Winged Lions instead of dicking around trying to have it two ways. But the write-in vote is what's winning currently.
 
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[X] Write-in: Disrupt the Rite of the Stirring God without taking time to subvert, then try to Rescue the Winged Lions from fate
Lions are all well and good but the priority has to be stamping out the god. Half the point of starting early was to step on exactly this kind of thing before they can wake up and become an endless nuisance.

Suggestions of conquest and empire seem premature, even assuming it's a good idea to begin with.

Sedentary societies could be oppressed in this sort of way because they live in a fixed place and anywhere they might move to tends to be already occupied by similar peoples.

What's stopping these groups from just leaving, if they're squeezed too much?

Perhaps a relatively settled people could project force across a broad region with horses or ships/large boats but under the current circumstances it seems troublesome. Especially for a people who need their neighbours.

It was said before by L 3, as follows... If people overextend the master over Voices, limits will kick in and only some amount of our first words shall be heard.

So the more they quote and paste from for example ChatGPT, the higher chance that only first number of your words may count...

@LoserThree
It's not my task to provide any solutions to the Game Master, so I was unsure if I should write this... but if I could suggest anything... I would suggest to first throw out -overuse-, not all but -overuse-, ot the ChatGPT garbage. Only then impose other limits on what Bianca heard.
I agree but suggest as well that any use of chatgpt is overuse.

If someone made such a list as the above by paraphrasing something then they have put their own time into writing it and perhaps the experience will make them have some consideration for the people who have to read it.

If they can instead say "hey, chatgpt, give me 20,000 words of fucking garbage" and copy it in then they have no labour to restrain them.

all power flows from a threadban button and it should be pressed aggressively
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Edited: some comments on proto-empire.
 
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EDIT: tbh I'd prefer to just concentrate on saving the Winged Lions instead of dicking around trying to have it two ways. But the write-in vote is what's winning currently.
Meanwhile, we are outright terrified of what the stirring god might do if it wakes, and REALLY don't want to risk that happening. But we don't much care about trying to subvert the ritual, per se.
 
To be clear I want to say, as the Black Cat, that "counting system of twos, called binary" mentioned by another Voice is something useful for weird thinking rocks, but not for me. I think that people also would feel confused by it, whatever another Voice says. And it would need long lines of sings to write. Using 10 or 12 base it's faster to write them as sings.
If you use something like the long line short line thing to write it it won't take up more room then other systems you can easily fit 3-4 bits into the space of a single character that way so it dosn't take more room then base 8 or 16 which are just compressed forms of binary grouping 3 or 4 bits together.
 
What's stopping these groups from just leaving, if they're squeezed too much?
Thats why I kept my comments limited to just "try trade" because these people will move away if it becomes too much trouble to stay.

Oh, and if people are now using metal weapons, how about we bring some ideas for armour and defense?

Another thought be that if the fisher people have lost their medicine, would it should be possible to barter for or steal seeds from people that sitll have them to grow them near their settlement.

Some other things that might be worth bringing ups is coppicing and Pollarding.

Coppicing is the process of felling a tree close to the stump but leaving the stump alone, which in some species can allow the tree to grow new shoots out of the stump as long as it survives. As the tree still retains its large root network it can focus on only growing the shoot or shoots, so that they not only grow faster than a whole new tree, but they also end up being long and thin until they start "filling in" the size of the old tree, making them useful for a variety of practices if cut early or just a reusable supply of medium sized logs as long as the tree is allowed to recover in between harvests.

Pollarding is the process of letting a tree grow to a height where its central body is above the height for animals to graze on before repeatetly cutting the regrowing branches. This should result in a large central trunk ending in a knobby top from which thin shoots stretch upward that are perfect for use in firewood that can be regularly harvested as long as they are not overharvested and the tree dies.
 
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Black Cat yet again. I wonder if you are still able to hear me. I have a way to make pretty baubles. People of the Bay could take these baubles to meet outsiders, and then instead of stealing from outsiders while scaring these outsiders into running away and needing to pursue them, some outsiders could like these baubles enough to give interesting plant food in exchange for baubles. This may be just easier than raiding. Because outsiders would run away and fight less often.

Making glass is like making a special kind of very pretty rock. First, you need to gather some white sand. Then, you mix this sand with a bit of a salty white powder from certain rocks, mostly limestone and white crystals called soda ash. After that, you put this mixture into a very hot fire, so hot that it turns everything into a glowing, liquid soup. Once the mixture is all melted and smooth, you let it cool down. As it cools, it turns into a hard, shiny material that you can see through, just like ice, but it doesn't melt. This is glass. With glass you can exploit outsiders with no fighting and without giving them any useful iron. Also should be easier to make than iron.
 
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Black Cat yet again. I wonder if you are still able to hear me. I have a way to make pretty baubles. People of the Bay could take these baubles to meet outsiders, and then instead of stealing from outsiders while scaring these outsiders into running away and needing to pursue them, some outsiders could like these baubles enough to give interesting plant food in exchange for baubles. This may be just easier than raiding. Because outsiders would run away and fight less often.

Making glass is like making a special kind of very pretty rock. First, you need to gather some white sand. Then, you mix this sand with a bit of a salty white powder from certain rocks, mostly limestone and white crystals called soda ash. After that, you put this mixture into a very hot fire, so hot that it turns everything into a glowing, liquid soup. Once the mixture is all melted and smooth, you let it cool down. As it cools, it turns into a hard, shiny material that you can see through, just like ice, but it doesn't melt. This is glass. With glass you can exploit outsiders with no fighting and without giving them any useful iron. Also should be easier to make than iron.
Junction speaking, with something important that Black Cat forgot to mention about glass-making.

Specifically, glass-making requires temperatures somewhere around copper smelting heat, with a crucible separating it from the charcoal being strongly advised. Glass also has a nasty tendency to crack when cooling from its malleable semi-solid state, which can be mitigated via annealing, though obviously at somewhat lower temperatures than what it takes to melt.

The salty white powders that Black Cat mentions aren't strictly necessary for glass-making, but without them the glass is highly likely to be a striking green color and difficult to see through. This is due to impurities in the sand that those powders help remove, on similar logic to smelting.

One last note on glass-making for now; if you pour a drop of molten glass into water, you produce a mostly useless artifact that still has some interesting properties to puzzle over. That said, be careful handling it; one of those properties is that messing with its narrow tail can suddenly shatter the whole thing, even though it seems like that really shouldn't be the case.
 
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