Depends on the human population. Some African populations have little if any neanderthalensis genes.
There is Neanderthal admixture in modern human genes, but at around 3-4%, you can't really call it hybridization. We are Homo Sapiens; it's just that most our population also got a minimal bit of Neanderthal and Denisovan genes.
Thank you. The way some people cuss can confuse someone who only knows layman's English.
well, all we really know is that sexy times happened. It is entirely possible that besides that either simple out-competing or maybe even outright genocide happened (though of course, the former is far more likely than the latter). We just don't know!
While genes having to do with reproduction and language consistently didn't make the cut.
Article: Finger bone found in Saudi Arabia upends story of human migration out of Africa
Recent discoveries poke holes in the theory that modern humans left their home continent about 60,000 years ago and stayed near the coasts as they spread out across the world
The object in question is a fossilised piece of a bone, probably the middle portion of a middle finger. Based on its shape, scientists believe that it belonged to a member of the Homo sapiens species.
Two things make it unusually significant.
First, uranium series dating techniques indicate that the bone is between 85,000 and 90,000 years old.
Second, it was found in Al Wusta, a site in Saudi Arabia's Nafud desert that is hundreds of miles from the nearest coastline.
Those factors stand in sharp contrast to the traditional "out of Africa" narrative of human migration.
[cont. reading]
Article: ...What does it mean to be human? What makes us unique among all other organisms on Earth? Is it cooperation? Conflict? Creativity? Cognition? There happens to be one anatomical feature that distinguishes modern humans (Homo sapiens) from every other living and extinct animal: our bony chin! But does a feature of our jaws have actual meaning for our humanity? We want to talk about the top six discoveries of 2018, all from the last 500,000 years of human evolution, that give us more insight into what it means to be human. If you want to learn more about our favorite discoveries from last year, read our 2017 blog post!...
1) Migrating modern humans: the oldest modern human fossil found outside of Africa
2) Innovating modern humans: long-distance trade, the use of color, and the oldest Middle Stone Age tools in Africa
3) Art-making Neanderthals: our close evolutionary cousins actually created the oldest known cave paintings
4) Trekking modern humans: the oldest modern human footprints in North America
5) Winter-stressed, nursing Neanderthals: Neanderthal children's teeth reveal intimate details of their daily lives
6) Hybridizing hominins: the first discovery of an ancient human hybrid
Excellent.
Article: The first known fossil of a Denisovan skull has been found in a Siberian cave
CLEVELAND — A palm-sized section of a braincase is the first Denisovan skull fossil ever found.
Discovered in two pieces in Siberia's Denisova Cave in August 2016, the find joins only a handful of fragmentary fossils from these mysterious, extinct hominids. Mitochondrial DNA, a type of genetic material typically inherited from the mother, extracted from the skull pegged it as Denisovan, paleoanthropologist Bence Viola said March 28 at the annual meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists.
...
Viola, of the University of Toronto, and his colleagues compared a digital reconstruction of the skull fragment with corresponding parts of 112 present-day human skulls and 30 Stone Age Homo skulls, including Homo sapiens and Neandertals. The Denisovan find didn't fit neatly into any previously known Homo species. Some features linked the Denisovan fossil to Neandertals and to a 430,000-year-old Spanish Homo species that had Denisovan ancestry (SN: 12/28/13, p. 8). The Denisovan skull fragment is surprisingly thick, more like cranial bones of Stone Age Homo erectus, Viola said.
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Article: Our mysterious cousins—the Denisovans—may have mated with modern humans as recently as 15,000 years ago
CLEVELAND, OHIO—The elusive Denisovans, the extinct cousins of Neanderthals, are known from only the scraps of bone they left in Siberia's Denisova Cave in Russia and the genetic legacy they bequeathed to living people across Asia. A new study of that legacy in people from New Guinea now suggests that, far from being a single group, these mysterious humans were so diverse that their populations were as distantly related to each other as they were to Neanderthals.
In another startling suggestion, the study implies one of those groups may have survived and encountered modern humans as recently as 15,000 to 30,000 years ago, tens of thousands of years later than researchers had thought. "A late surviving lineage [of Denisovans] could have interbred with Homo sapiens" in Southeast Asia, paleoanthropologist Chris Stringer of the Natural History Museum in London, not a member of the team, said in a Skype interview during a session at the annual meeting of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists here. The new study was presented Thursday at the meeting.
Article: ...Using one such new technique, first in 2016 and then again in a preprint posted earlier this summer, Siepel and his team found that around 3% of Neanderthal DNA — and possibly as much as 6% — came from modern humans who mated with the Neanderthals more than 200,000 years ago. The same group who gave rise to modern humans throughout the world also furnished Neanderthals with (at least a little) more DNA than the Neanderthals would later give them. "You think you're just looking at a Neanderthal," Siepel said, "but you're actually looking at a mixture of Neanderthal and modern human."
"That's cool," Hawks said. Such a high level of genetic admixture, he added, "is like saying 6% of the cars on the road that you see are red, but somehow you never noticed any red cars. You ought to notice that." And yet the methods in general use had not. To Hawks, the omission suggests that there may be a lot more shared genetic material still to find even if it can't yet be quantified accurately. More advanced techniques may change that....
...What is curious is that the only migration that seems to have left modern human descendants in Europe and Asia was the one from 60,000 years ago. The groups that migrated earlier apparently all died out or got absorbed into Neanderthal or other ancient populations. "If there were earlier events," Scally said, "they left essentially no ancestry or negligible ancestry in us today."...
Replying to old post, but...