The Observations of Ali al-Din of Sanctuary on His Travels Through the League of True People, Regarding Their Society, Culture, and Habits, as Well as Some of Their Practices
A Few General Observations
The League of True People[1], or the Great League, or the New League, depending on who you ask, is an alliance of ten tribes located along the upper reaches of the Long River, extending into the hills, and south beyond those hills into the temperate oak savannah beyond.
A tribe, in this sense, is traditionally a collection of bands (bands being extended kin-groups, much like the extended families which make up households in Sanctuary). However, the tribe has also become synonymous with a city, which include many people who are not part of a larger family and thus operate as individual actors, agents, or workers. Thus, the League can be said to have ten cities.
The largest city is Whiteclay, also the capital of the League, and it is this city I am the most familiar with, although I am given to understand there are also regional cultures specific to different tribes, ranging from dialects spoken to specific spirits venerated to habits of food and clothing. However, all have certain things in common, and it is these I will focus on, although I may accidentally conflate Whiteclay's culture with that of the League as a whole. I pray you will excuse me in any errors I make.
Chief among these common customs is the white face paint you may have seen dignitaries from the League wear. Contrary to popular belief, the people of the League do not wear this at all times of the day, even within their homes. It is a ceremonial accessory, one their holy men wear during ceremonies, their governing officials while performing matters of government, and their common people wear while making business agreements or observing important rites of passage. You should understand it then as something they wear during events that demand gravity.
On Family Life
The people of the League are matrilocal and matrilineal, that is, descent is reckoned through the female line, property passes from mother to daughter, and men leave the home to live with their wives. They do not have marriage such as we understand it, at least not in ceremonial form. Rather, a man and a woman are considered married when they cohabitate, and divorce is as easy as moving out again. I am given to understand this is not even the sole type of family that exists, but such are the customs of other people[2].
Extended families live in large houses where they eat, sleep, and live in close proximity, the wealthier the family the more distant the relations which dwell there. Trades and businesses tend to stay within families.
Children are raised more or less in common although everyone is aware at least who the mother is. The people of the League are very permissive and tolerant of their children's behavior, perhaps too much so, but then again such are the customs of other people. By the age of ten children are able to either begin standardized schooling or are filtered into apprenticeship programs.
On Government
The League has a chaotic and many-tiered system of government. Foremost are the Tribal Assemblies. As mentioned, a tribe can be a collection of families or it can refer to a city as a whole, and in this regard the latter definition is used in the cities. Since all adult citizens or members are allowed to speak, these Assemblies can be very loud and can last days on end, so in the cities they are only called in times of great importance, or to select the governing Council which oversees much of the day-to-day work in running the city. I am given to understand that in smaller settlements and isolated villages the Assembly does most of the work, as there are fewer people to contend with.
The stated goal of the governing bodies of the League is to achieve consensus, which means debates and jockeying between factions can take hours or even days before everyone is in agreement. I have observed a few meetings and I can report that they sometimes devolve into shouting matches and occasionally shoving when tempers get especially heated. Even Council meetings, which work quicker, are habitually attended by audiences of hundreds as they are public affairs, and the audience will regularly make their voices heard and when called on will make speeches imploring the Council to do this or that.
Naturally not everyone will come to an agreement on every issue and there are mechanisms for forcing a majority vote when the issue proves unresolvable after several days of debate, although this is easier for the Councils, as Assemblies can fluctuate in size and intensity. For example, I know of one Assembly that had its decision regarding water rights overturned by a higher Council when it was shown that the Assembly had won a vote simply by being louder that the majority faction, leading to a flawed outcome. Such shameful events are not common, or so I am told.
Councils range from three to twelve, Whiteclay's is among the largest at twelve members selected by geographical districts, although I am given to understand that in other cities at-large elections or even elections by non-geographical tribal affiliation are present. Every tribe also elects Speakers to sit on the High Council, which oversees issues affecting all the League and has ten members.
The primary task of Councils is to collect taxes and decide the distribution of those taxes, and to command the volunteer forces that do construction. I was initially skeptical of such a system but when a major water main burst, hundreds of able bodies lined up to join the teams digging up the water main and replacing it, while others carted in fresh water from other parts of the city, and the Council efficiently requisitioned new pipes as well as tools and rations for the workers.
The League has courts much like those of Sanctuary in which judges consult precedent and render decisions, although their goals in addressing disputes is curious. They believe that the primary goal of justice should be to give reparations to the victim, and thus in instances of injury the perpetrator is often required to do no more than pay the healer's fees, while theft or damage to property is resolved by either paying the cost of repairs or doing the repairs themselves. Sometimes it is not even deemed necessary to lay down a punishment! On the other extreme end, there are instances where individuals prove themselves unsafe to live with due to violent or cruel tendencies, and these individuals are then consigned to isolation or expulsion.
On Economics
The bedrock of labor in the League is done by miners, foresters, and craftsmen, who they call Mechanicals. I have found the Mechanicals to be much like the craftsmen of Sanctuary in many respects.
The band is the basic economic unit. Economic ventures are kept within extended families, for the most part, with many working together on production and jointly contributing to family stores. Among some trades it is more common for younger members of the family to do most of the work. For example, among merchants, young and strong individuals do most of the carrying, loading, and transporting goods, while older members make deals and manage stores.
In another custom similar to Sanctuary, there are methods by which those with greater amounts of wealth are encouraged to give more in taxes, thereby contributing to the common welfare and reducing inequality. This should be proof that our ways are wise and sensible.
Still, I would deem merchants to be the richest and most influential trade in the League, and many Councilors come from merchant families, and indeed the whole League is very focused on trade. I have had conversations with common bricklayers and garbage collectors which quickly veered into mercantile [3].
Of course, it must be said, they do lack hard currency, conducting everything either through barter or the system of debt and mutual obligation common in more tribal societies. Thus, they have probably not even heard of such concepts as the investment bank or the joint-stock company. When I tried to explain, I was told they wanted no such part in it.
In contrast to the merchants, I would say the humblest trade are the foresters, who spend long periods of the year in the woods gathering food by hunting or cultivating. The staple food of the League is acorn bread, and the acorn-bearing trees are cultivated in groves that stretch across vast acres where many other types of edible plants and animals grow in the shade of their leaves. During harvesting season, foresters spend weeks at a time out in the wilderness collecting acorns, then more weeks processing them into acorn bread. Of course, acorns are not in season all times of the year[4], so foresters also have large amounts of time to spend idle, engaged in artistic pursuits, or performing other trades.
It is easy to see how these groups interact; foresters need tools, craftsmen need food, and merchants need both as well as having the labor to move them around.
A curious occupation unique to the League are the Historians. Historians are trained from a young age to develop awesome mental abilities, most notably vast memories but also skills in calculating and projecting figures. They serve as legal codes and judges, and help Councils to measure, move, and distribute goods and allocate labor.
On Spiritual Practices
The spiritual leaders of the League are their holy men, who are organized into Religious Lodges. Every city has its Lodge, where the holy men live and perform most of their work. The exception are the monuments where public ceremonies are performed, and these are often great festivals where rituals are attended by massive crowds, and are usually followed by feasting and other forms of celebration.
The foremost spiritual figure for the League is River-Woman. This being dwells in the Long River and governs its ebbs, flows, and floods, as well as those of all its vassal streams, which are the domains of her daughters. Her husband River-Man is the King of the River Dolphins.
Naturally propitiating River-Woman is important, for the river is not only the lifeblood of the League in providing food and water, but it is also their main artery of trade, the source of their great wealth and livelihood. In return for restraining the river, ensuring it floods in controlled and regular ways, and facilitating this trade, River-Woman takes tribute in the form of offerings given yearly, as well as more typical offerings and veneration by individuals seeking to make travels along the river. When I took a trade canoe upriver into the League, the driver made an offering to River-Woman, and to be sure, our vessel did not overturn, encounter rough waters, or become snagged by underwater tree-trunks.
As for River-Man, he does not feature much in the stories or rituals of the League and is a wholly mysterious figure, as are the river dolphins he rules. I can say that I encountered two of the animals on my journey and they seemed playful and intelligent as they swam alongside our boat.
Below River-Woman is a host of river-spirits, who occupy subservient but similar roles to their mother. There is also a variety of lesser spirits, venerated at the local level; for example, miners venerate cave-spirits to ward of cave-ins and collapses, and foresters venerate the tree spirits. However, I do not need to elaborate on these much, for they are similar to spirits which we in Sanctuary have learned to live with.
Ancestor veneration is a new innovation but one which has spread far. As mentioned, the basic unit of the League is the extended family, and households will have a family shrine venerating their ancestors, both specific individuals and the spirits of the family as a whole. The living ask for luck, prosperity, and guidance, all the usual things the living ask spirits for. This is quite different from our own practices in Sanctuary, but as with all their rituals I have found them wholesome and sensible; they have no notion of reincarnation and preserving and respecting the spirits of the dead may be a necessary step on their path to adopting our ways.
Final Observations
Overall, it can be rightly said that the people of the League are industrious, peaceful, oriented towards the betterment of their family and community, and possessed of good relations with their spirits. They are to be respected in this regard. I will say they are also argumentative and stubborn, but these are no worse than some vices and are better than most.
In many ways their customs differ from ours but in other ways we value the same things, and I believe with time we will become more alike, to the betterment of us both.
[1] Obviously this is a literal translation from your language into Sanctuary's dialect of Arabic, but I'm not a conlanger.
[2] Ali is using this phrase to mean "I don't like this but cultural tolerance means I shouldn't talk shit".
[3] Bricks need clay and charcoal to fire them, and bricklayers never lack for work. Meanwhile, you'd be surprised at how much people will pay for the right kind of garbage.
[4] A good harvest can produce enough acorn bread to sustain a tribe through the winter, usually supplemented by pickled and preserved vegetables and smoked meat. There are other seasonal staples as well, usually wild vegetables that are harvested in spring or summer.