Random Member
Gardener of Human Happiness
- Location
- Behind You
1. The Socialist Republic of Argentina
(I want to believe!)
The divergence happens in the '60's, during Perón's exile. Che Guevara introduces him to various other Latin American socialists, including one J. Posadas in this timeline. Perón and Posadas somehow manage to strike up an unlikely friendship and maintain a regular correspondence. Perón, in an act that's mostly pure opportunism rather than an actual change in ideological beliefs, begins espousing more leftist ideas than during his presidency.Relationship with Che Guevara
Che Guevara and Perón were sympathetic to each other. Pacho O'Donnell states that Che Guevara, as Cuban minister, attempted to arrange for the return of Perón to Argentina in the 1960s and sent financial support for that end. However, Perón disapproved of Guevara's advocacy of guerrilla warfare as antiquated.[92] In Madrid, Perón and Guevara met twice.[93] These meetings, as the meetings Perón held with other leftists in Madrid (such as Salvador Allende), were arranged with great secrecy to avoid complaints or expulsion from Francoist Spain.[93] According to Enrique Pavón Pereyra, who was present at the second meeting between Guevara and Perón in Madrid, Perón would have discouraged and warned Guevara of his guerrilla plans in Bolivia: "you will not survive in Bolivia. Suspend that plan. Search for alternatives. [...] Do not commit suicide."[92]
Enrique Pavón Pereyra was only present for the first part of the meeting; he then served mate so that Perón and Guevara could drink together and left the meeting room to provide them with some privacy. Pavón Pereyra speculated about the conversation that followed in his absence: according to him, Perón would likely have explained to Guevara that he could not compromise support for his planned operations, but that "when" Guevara "moved activities" to Argentina he would provide Peronist support.[93] After the encounter, Perón commented to a friend in a letter about meeting Guevara, calling him "an immature utopian – but one of us – I am happy for it to be so because he is giving the yankees a real headache."[92]
Perón still wins the (second) 1973 election, this time by forming an alliance with the Posadists and a couple other minor socialist groups, much to the chagrin of the Right-Peronists. A couple months before his OTL death, Perón is assassinated by a disgruntled Right-Peronist who thinks that the President has betrayed them and sold out the nation to the communists. A civil war breaks out. By 1979, a United Front consisting of Left-Peronists, Posadists and various other socialists has formed the Socialist Republic of Argentina, guided by the infallible science of Marxism-Trotskyism-Peronism-Posadism!General elections were held on 11 March 1973. Perón was banned from running, but a stand-in, Dr. Héctor Cámpora, a left-wing Peronist and his personal representative, won the election and took office on 25 May. On 20 June 1973, Perón returned from Spain to end his 18-year exile. According to Página 12 newspaper, Licio Gelli, master of Propaganda Due, had provided an Alitalia plane to return Perón to his native country.[94] Gelli was part of a committee supporting Perón, along with Carlos Saúl Menem (future President of Argentina, 1989–1999).[94] The former Italian Premier Giulio Andreotti recalled an encounter between Perón, his wife, Isabel, and Gelli, saying that Perón knelt before Licio Gelli to salute him.[94]
On the day of Perón's return, a crowd of left-wing Peronists (estimated at 3.5 million according to police) gathered at the Ezeiza Airport in Buenos Aires to welcome him. Perón was accompanied by Cámpora, whose first measures were to grant amnesty to all political prisoners and re-establish relations with Cuba, helping Fidel Castro break the United States embargo against Cuba. This, along with his social policies, had earned him the opposition of right-wing Peronists, including the trade-unionist bureaucracy.
Camouflaged snipers opened fire on the crowd at the airport. The left-wing Peronist Youth Organization and the Montoneros had been trapped. At least 13 people were killed and 365 injured in this episode, which became known as the Ezeiza massacre.[95]
Cámpora and Vice President Vicente Solano Lima resigned in July 1973, paving the way for new elections, this time with Perón's participation as the Justicialist Party nominee.
(I want to believe!)
Last edited: