Written with the support of the creator of the Communal League when we did the game that led to the Concertverse material and fics.
The Communal League Armed Forces are one of the most unique military services in the history of either Inner Sphere. As different from the regular House forces as the Clans of the Transglass, yet nothing like the Clans' toumans, the CLAF is its own entity, requiring extensive study to understand its function and operation within the wider society that birthed it and the ideological dimension that permeates every aspect of the CLAF.
This summarized profile is quite broad and not at all approaching an in-depth examination of this organization, but rather can act as a primer for further study in the specifics.
Perhaps the single-most important detail to remember about the CLAF is that it does not field an officer corps like other states' militaries. More to the point, its command and control structure is immersed in the ideological anarcho-syndicalism that is the root of the entire League. The only higher education for CLAF officers comes to those in flag rank who, by necessity of their responsibilities, require specialized training and education. This was an early concession by the League to the necessities of an organized military force, one that was not uncontroversial in its day.
All other positions are determined by unit elections, at all levels. A regular soldier of the CLAF will vote for their platoon commander, their company commander, all the way up to their regimental commander. They accept that these elected officers will then issue them commands that they must obey to maintain discipline. As CLAF is fundamentally a volunteer force (citizenship service requirements can be met by non-CLAF organizations), this is more effective than seen when conscripted forces in revolutionary societies historically shifted to elections, though it is by no means free of difficulties and complications.
Perhaps the most important of these complications is that the CLAF is a reflection of League politics as a whole. Officers are elected for political reasons as much as capability to command, reflecting the political biases and convictions of their troops. These tendencies are reinforced by certain institutional norms that will be discussed later in this document. Units can thus be considered to be aligned with one of the three big tent political factions of the Communal League, which in turn can influence their unit's votes on strategy, operational plans, and has even seen units act without immediate government sanction (most notoriously in the Autonomous Brigades).
Material on the League's political factions and their ideological views, subfaction divisions, and philosophies would be a large work in of itself. For the purposes of this summary, each will be simplified in accordance to how they operate within the CLAF.
The Vanguardists are the most assertive and aggressive of the factions. They fervently believe the League must always be fomenting revolution on its frontiers, grinding away at the capitalists and monarchists world by world until their systems collapse and their worlds are swept into a revolutionary state. Forces with Vanguardist officers are thus more likely to pursue independent operations in support of revolutionary insurgencies or the wider revolutionary missions. They agitate for the rest of the League to back their operations and have varying degrees of frustration or outright loathing for those who are not pushing for the revolution to expand, with the pejorative title "Stopper" thrown at those they consider to be actively opposing revolutionary activity.
Sometimes (and erroneously) billed as the "moderate" League faction, the Unionists are arguably the widest tent in the entire League. They favor a more cautious approach to spreading the social revolution, "revolutionary prudence" as they call it, which can be summed up as picking their fights carefully and making sure to maintain the unity of the League as a necessary prerequisite to spreading revolution. A Unionist formation prefers to have the groundwork for battle set well beforehand to ensure a complete and lasting victory. Unionist units in the CLAF are predominant among the technical support service formations and focus on maintaining discipline and the coherence of the CLAF. They are less likely to act on initiative without approval from their higher ups or the War Committee. They broadly share the Vanguardists' commitment to spreading the revolution but not their all-consuming devotion to the duty. A good comparison would be to say while a Vanguardist will rely on the ends (decisive battle) to create their means (revolutionary advancement), the Unionist relies on their means (formentimg revolutionary conditions) to create their ends (a lopsided battle in their favor to secure final victory)
The Communalists are the least aggressive faction. They favor spreading revolution but not at the cost of the League's governing principles. If the choice is granting greater central authority to the CLAF or League government or holding back on expansion of the revolution, the Communalists will typically pick the latter. The needs of local communes and communities are paramount; reducing their power to promote a stronger state for warring with their neighbors is not even seen as a necessary evil but as an absolute evil that must be resisted. Units with Communalist officers are thus the least likely to engage in unauthorized operations outside League borders. They are also likely to vote against adventurism and to resent being used for such means. Invaders beware, however, as the Communalists can be brutally ferocious in defending their homes. Even the Vanguardist will grudgingly admit that nothing matches the sheer ferocity of a Communalist guarding their kith and home. Their methods are much more focused on hearts and minds and the long view, being content to slowly win over a people over a decade if need be and demonstrating the superiority of their cause with the carrot more than the stick.
This factional divide is mitigated somewhat by a sorting tendency: as political alignments of units are well known and the servicemember a great deal of discretion in where they serve, members naturally congregate in units matching their own views. The tendency of units to be predominately one faction or another has various culture effects within the CLAF, seen in everything from unit histories to the usual military humor taking on a particular CLAF character.
For example, one common Vanguardist joke:
"How many Unionists does it take to assault a trench?"
"I dunno, ask me in two weeks when they finish their trench assault committee meeting."
The equivalent Unionist joke would be something like:
"How does a Vanguardist clear a minefield?"
"Send enough of them and they'll eventually clear a pathway for one of them"
The CLAF has six distinct branches — arguably seven — that cover specific duties related to the defense of the League and it's mission of socio-economic revolution. These branches are governed by high-ranking flag officers under the direction of the War Committee.
The CLAF's Army is the main frontline fighting force and striking arm of the League. When conducting offensive military operations on planets and moons it is Army formations that typically lead the way or at least provide the heavy firepower to support the operation. The Army's command system is decentralized and distributed among both the border and march commanders and the commanders of the various corps. Four types of brigades are employed in the Army. Jaeger brigades are skirmishers, raiders, and flankers; Shock brigades are offensive line formations meant to be the "tip of the spear" in wider battles and operations; Assault brigades are meant for dealing with fortified enemy positions; Guards brigades are line formations meant to complement the activities of the other unit types.
The Army is fairly evenly-keeled faction wise, though the Communalists are by far a minority. As of 3142 polling data the division stands at:
Vanguardists: 44%
Unionists: 37%
Communalists: 17%
The service responsible for the bulk of the League's fleet of JumpShips and DropShips as well as all the active WarShips. The Navy operates frontier squadrons on the Periphery to protect League colonies as well as border patrol squadrons and fleet squadrons for major combat operations.
The factional divide in the Navy is fairly balanced. The demands of space operations leads to a certain dampening of ideological fervor amongst spacers, and the kinds of factional heat and infighting found in other services is not as common (though not impossible). Crews need to be able to get along and while the Navy will transfer ideologues to matching crews when necessary, the need to keep all ships crewed means there's a greater stigma to being so disruptive to crew cohesion that you need such a transfer.
Data in 3142 indicates the following division of factions among the Navy:
Vanguardists: 33%
Unionists: 40%
Communalists: 27%
The Unionists are particularly well represented in the WarShip fleet, the Vanguardists in the aerospace elements, and the Communalists in the support and transport DropShips and JumpShips.
The Communal Militia is a mixed ground and aerospace force devoted to planetary defense. Because of the particular makeup of the CLAF it tends to employ heavier units than planetary militias in other states, including BattleMech formations, such that it may serve to effectively double the number of BattleMechs fielded by the CLAF as a whole. Communal MIlitias are by number of members the largest branch of the CLAF and the most likely choice for those choosing CLAF service for their civil service requirement. They are tasked with maintaining defensive installations and fortifications protecting cities and major defensive points in the League, but unlike the Army their regular duties also extend to civil support functions like search and rescue operations, disaster relief, and supporting civil defense. The Communal Militia includes an internal navy, the Maritime Militia, who crew seagoing and riverine craft for planetary defense and civil support.
The Militia is by far the bailiwick of the Communalist political faction, as its defensive orientation and focus most closely suits that faction's viewpoints and those of other factional views are more likely to pick other branches for their CLAF service. The 3142 data reflects this tendency staying strong:
Vanguardist: 10%
Unionist: 20%
Communalist: 70%
The Engineering Corps are a specialist formation with the dual duty of supporting civil infrastructure projects in the League and providing combat engineer formations for the CLAF. Because of their role the Engineering Corps are the only branch that has extensive educational requirements for consideration. While they accept volunteers from those fulfilling civil service requirements, the requirements for education and mathematical acumen are demanding enough that many such applicants fail their initial evaluation and are directed to other branches, with further attempts allowed at yearly intervals. While regular rated soldiers do not need higher qualifications, elected officers must by necessity be educated in engineering. Those who do not already possess engineering degrees are sent to one of the Corps' affiliated engineering colleges to attain the necessary education in order to take their positions.
While the Corps are responsible for designing and building the fortified compounds and installations used for planetary defense, by far the greater volume of the Corps' work is in civil engineering projects. From carving canals, roads, and tunnels for new colonial settlements to helping to rebuild damaged infrastructure on long-settled worlds, the CLEC is frequently involved in at least advisory capacity.
Polling in 3142 indicated the following factional balance:
Vanguardist: 25%
Unionist: 40%
Communalist: 35%
The UOG is seen by many as a military intelligence and special forces command developed as an independent branch. Its remit is to defend and expand the revolution in spheres outside of regular conflict, particularly espionage, sabotage, and insurgency. UOG units have rigorous physical and mental requirements due to the duties that field personnel may be called upon to perform, and specialties ranging from explosives-handling to cybersecurity are in demand. If there is a syndicalist or socialist insurgency active in the Inner Sphere there are good odds a UOG liaison is advising and arming them, assuming the insurgency is not just a UOG operation in of itself.
As one would expect, the UOG is heavily Vanguardist in number, as its entire role fits the Vanguardist ideas of pushing revolution from system to system by either influence or direct action. This has not gone unnoticed and the UOG is often given even greater scrutiny by the War Committee than the other branches just to ensure it is not operating wildly out of step with the civilian government of the League. The occasional scandal has been known to happen over UOG operations, most notably the daring 3107 attack on Coventry's House Bradford that saw the violent deaths of most of that noble family, but the UOG has avoided going "rogue" as many Communalists have sometimes charged it would inevitably do.
While the UOG is more secretive about its ranks than the other branches, it still allowed for a direct poll of its membership:
Vanguardist: 60%
Unionist: 20%
Communalist: 20%
It has been observed in some reports that the factions tend to favor specific duties within the UOG, with Communalists often being in the lead at organizing local radicals into homegrown revolutions, the Unionists organizing espionage networks, and the Vanguardists being keen for active operations like sabotage and assassination. Note that this does seems more preference than absolute, though data is not firm in either way.
The Carabineers are a dedicated internal security branch of the CLAF. Trained in both police and military operational tactics and roles, the Carabineers are responsible for securing the League's worlds from insurgencies, revolts, and terrorism. Their primary purpose is "the security of the communes" by law. Part of their job is winning hearts and minds in local populations, drawing support and volunteers from the many communities of the League. Their military side is thus rarely the public face of the organization in the League itself, typically only seen when fighting major insurgency or, in extreme defensive situations, supporting the Communal Militia and Army in defense of CLAF worlds.
It is the Carabineers' role in the securing of newly-captured worlds that sees their military side come to the forefront. Designated units called upon by the branch's command staff are typically dispatched on such offensive operations, in which they will follow behind the main forces to provide additional security for supplies and, should the target fall, begin implementing the communalization of the planet's economy and society. The method is typically drawn from the factional lean of the unit in question. A Vanguardist Carabineer force will be more interested in the suppression, if not liquidation, of pre-existing centers of political power like nobles or landowners; a Unionist unit will focus on organizational reform and dismantling the local state while trying to win hearts and minds in the regular populace; Communalists will typically encourage domestic radicals to take control and throw cultural and community events to win acceptance of the League's anarcho-syndicalism. One wit famously summed this up as "The Vanguardists will convert with bullets, the Unionists with committees, and the Communalists with picnics."
The Carabineers' unique mission and role explains much of why they may be the most balanced factionally of all the CLAF branches. The 3142 poll results are as follows:
Vanguardist: 32%
Unionist: 34%
Communalist: 32%
The unofficial seventh branch of the CLAF, the Autonomous Brigades are self-governing independent units not beholden to any of the other branches. They follow their own individual chains of command and maintain their own support units and logistics networks, answering only to the War Committee. Some liken their relationship to the CLAF and the League as a whole to the Draconis Combine's Order of the Black Dragon (or the Transglass Combine's Order of the Five Pillars), others see them more akin to the special status of the Lexington Combat Group in the Kilbourne Suns' Concord, or the Star Dragons and other former pirate groups that remain loyal to House Silver-Davion in the Cisglass Federated Suns.
The Autonomous Brigades are not a uniform branch by any means, in that each brigade governs itself independent of the others. They recruit on their own, they run their own supply systems and procurement offices, they hire or maintain their own transport fleet. Each has a proud battle history that adds to the allure of the unit. For those in the League burning with revolutionary fervor and the need to devote their whole being to the cause, there is no higher calling than a place in the Autonomous Brigades.
The factional mix of the Autonomous Brigades is heavily weighted towards the Vanguardists. Indeed, many see the Autonomous units as an inherently Vanguardist "branch" in the same way that the Communalists dominate the Communal Militia. The 3142 polls indicate the following mix:
Vanguardists: 65%
Unionists: 30%
Communalists: 5%
The Communal League Armed Forces use a unique military rank and rating system based around their socio-economic syndicalist theory. Unlike most services the CLAF makes use of academy-trained officers only for the flag ranks, with units electing the equivalent of field officers to command them and to represent them in the assemblies of their specific units. Assemblies of units vote for whom amongst their ranks attends one of the Flag Command Schools that the CLAF has on major march capitals, the basis for the flag officer corps of the CLAF.
Ratings are combined with ranks, and among regular soldiers are the primary means of address.
The Engineering Corps, Communal Militia, Unconventional Operations Group, and Carabineers all employ similar rank and rating systems to the land and aerospace forces depending upon unit type and role.
These ranks are universal to the CLAF and denote seniority in service. Higher seniority allows for some limited command authority in small units under the CLAF regulations, but in practice this is used in emergency situations more often than not.
CLAF | SLDF | Historic | English Translation |
Soldato-rekruto | Recruit | Recruit | Soldier-Recruit |
Soldato | Private | Private | Soldier |
Kaporalo | Corporal | Corporal | Corporal |
Serĝento | Sergeant | Sergeant | Sergeant |
Ĉefa serĝento | Master Sergeant | Master Sergeant | Master Sergeant |
Under CLAF practice, every unit elects one of their number to be their field commander and to represent them in the unit's command assembly. The titles assigned to these elected officers vary by branch.
CLAF | SLDF | Historic | English Translation |
Leŭtenanto-delegito | 2nd Lieutenant | Lieutenant-Delegate | |
Delegito | Lieutenant | Lieutenant | Delegate |
Kompanio-delegito | Captain | Captain | Company Delegate |
Bataliono-delegito | Major | Major | Battalion Delegate |
Kolomno-delegito | Lieutenant Colonel | Column Delegate | |
Regimento-delegito | Colonel | Colonel | Regiment Delegate |
CLAF | SLDF | Historic | English Translation |
Leŭtenanto-delegito | 2nd Lieutenant | Lieutenant-Delegate | |
Flugdelegito | Lieutenant | Flight Lieutenant | Flight Delegate |
Eskadrodelegito | Captain | Squadron Leader | Squadron Delegate |
Grupodelegito | Major | Wing Commander | Group Delegate |
Stormodelegito | Group Captain | Stormo Delegate | |
Regimento-delegito | Colonel | Group Colonel | Regiment Delegate |
CLAF | SLDF | Historic | English Translation |
Leŭtenanto-delegito | Ensign | Lieutenant-Delegate | |
Delegito | Lieutenant | Lieutenant (j.g.) | Delegate |
Deĵodelegito | Captain | Lieutenant | Shift Delegate |
Fakodelegito | Major | Lieutenant Commander | Department Delegate |
Leŭtenanto-Ŝipodelegito | Commander | Lieutenant-Ship Delegate | |
Ŝipo-delegito | Commodore | Captain | Ship Delegate |
CLAF | SLDF | Historic | English Translation |
Brigadisto | Brigadier General | Brigade Commander | |
Diviziestro | Lieutenant General | Major General | Division Commander |
Korpestro | Lieutenant General | Corps Commander | |
CLAF | SLDF | Historic | English Translation |
Flugidisto | Air Commodore | Wing Commander | |
Diviziestro | Rear Admiral | Air Vice Marshal | Division Commander |
Korpestro | Air Marshal | Corps Commander | |
CLAF | SLDF | Historic | English Translation |
Flugidisto | Commodore | Wing Commander | |
Eskadrodisto | Rear Admiral | Rear Admiral | Squadron Commander |
Flotestro | Vice Admiral | Vice Admiral | Fleet Commander |
CLAF | SLDF | Historic | English Translation |
Limkomandanto | Major General | General | Border Commander |
Markomandanto | General | Field Marshal | March Commander |
Servokomandanto | Service Commander | | |
Ligokomandanto | Commanding General | Marshal/General of the Armies | League Commander |
CLAF | SLDF | Historic | English Translation |
Limkomandanto | Admiral | Admiral | Border Commander |
Markomandanto | Fleet Admiral | March Commander | |
Servokomandanto | Service Commander | | |
Ligokomandanto | Commanding Admiral | League Commander | |
The War Committee of the Communal Assembly of the League is the civilian body responsible for oversight of the CLAF. Individual Committee members, chosen from the Assembly's membership, are assigned to direct oversight of one of the six branches, with the Autonomous Brigades choosing an Assemblyperson to sit as their joint representative. From their number, the members appoint the Committee's chair. The Chair of the War Committee is effectively the civilian leader of the CLAF, albeit not to the scope of a Proctor or Davion monarch or even the civilian leaders of republics. By law and custom, the CLAF answers to the entirety of the Assembly; the War Committee is in charge of day-to-day decisions but has no special authority over the armed forces.
This is an example of CLAF ratings. The actual list is in the dozens, especially among the Communal Navy.
CLAF | English Translation |
Marŝpiloto | MechWarrior |
Kosmapiloto | DropShip/WarShip Pilot |
Aviadilpiloto | Conventional Pilot |
Kosmisto | Space Vessel Crew |
Fusisto | Infantry |
Veturisto | Ground Vehicle Crew |
Flegistino | Medical Tech/Nurse |
CLAF BattleMech Organization | | |
Element | Component Units | Combat Strength |
Element (Lance) | 3 BattleMechs | 3 BattleMechs |
Company | 3 Elements | 9 BattleMechs |
Battalion | 3 Companies + Command Element | 30 BattleMechs |
Column | 3 Battalions + Command Company | 100 BattleMechs |
Regiment | 3 Columns + Command Company | 310 BattleMechs |
CLAF Vehicle Organization | | |
Element | Component Units | Combat Strength |
Element | 3 vehicles | 3 vehicles |
Company | 3 Elements | 9 vehicles |
Battalion | 3 Companies + Command Element | 30 vehicles |
Column | 3 Battalions + Command Company | 100 vehicles |
Regiment | 2 Columns + Command Company | 310 vehicles |
Brigade | 2-4 Regiments | 620 -1240 vehicles |
CLAF Artillery Organization | | |
Element | Component Units | Combat Strength |
Cannon | 1 gun | 1 gun |
Element | 3 Cannons | 3 guns |
Battery | 3 Elements | 9 guns |
Battalion | 3 batteries | 27 guns |
Regiment | 34 battalions | 81-98 guns |
CLAF Infantry Organization | | |
Element | Component Units | Combat Strength |
Fire Team | 3 troops | 3 troops |
Squad | 4 fire teams | 12 troops |
Section | 3 squads + Command Element (9) | 45 troops |
Company | 3 Sections + Command Element | 144 troops |
Battalion | 3 Companies + HQ | 455 troops |
N/A | n/A | |
Regiment | 3 Battalions + HQ | 1386 troops |
Brigade | 2-5 Regiments + HQ | 2,784-6,880 troops |
Division | 2-4 Brigades | 5,120-33,280 troops |
CLAF Battle Armor Infantry Organization | | |
Element | Component Units | Combat Strength |
Squad | 3 troops | 3troops |
Section | 6 squads | 18 troops |
Company | 3 Sections + Command Squad | 57 troops |
Battalion | 3 companies + Command Section | 189 troops |
Regiment | 3 columns + Command Company | 624 troops |
CLAF Aerospace Organization | | |
Element | Component Units | Combat Strength |
Flight | 4 fighters | 4 fighters |
Squadron | 3 flights | 12 fighters |
Group | 2 squadrons + Command Flight | 28 fighters |
Stormo | 2-4 wings + Command Squadron | 68-124 fighters |
Regiment | 2-3 groups | 136-372 fighters |
Wing | 2-4 regiments + DropShip squadron | 284-1,500 craft |
CLAF Naval Organization | | |
Element | Component Units | Combat Strength |
Flotilla or Wing | 2-6 ships | 2-6 ships |
Squadron | 2 flotillas | 4-12 ships |
Fleet | 2+ squadrons | 8-48+ ships |
Task Force | 2+ Fleets | 16-96+ ships |