Bizarre Particles Keep Flying Out of Antarctica’s Ice

PhoenixMercurous

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I saw this today and thought I should share it.
Article:
There's something mysterious coming up from the frozen ground in Antarctica, and it could break physics as we know it.

Physicists don't know what it is exactly. But they do know it's some sort of cosmic ray—a high-energy particle that's blasted its way through space, into the Earth, and back out again. But the particles physicists know about—the collection of particles that make up what scientists call the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics—shouldn't be able to do that. Sure, there are low-energy neutrinos that can pierce through miles upon miles of rock unaffected. But high-energy neutrinos, as well as other high-energy particles, have "large cross-sections." That means that they'll almost always crash into something soon after zipping into the Earth and never make it out the other side.

The original paper is freely available on arXiv.

In short, there have been a handful of events detected by two neutrino detectors, ANITA and IceCube, that are nearly impossible to explain with the standard model. The confidence these events aren't from standard model particles is 5.8 sigma, which sound quite compelling to me. What do you all think? Have results like these evaporated before, or is this solid evidence of something new?
 
Naively reading this without any real research, it seems like the big confusion is arising from the particles penetrating through the entire Earth. What if they're just being produced under the ice instead, locally in Antarctica? I mean, on the one hand, it seems ridiculous, but on the other hand, requiring an entire new particle model is a pretty big ask of some data. Are there any detectors of this scope in places other than Antarctica for cross-examination?
 
Naively reading this without any real research, it seems like the big confusion is arising from the particles penetrating through the entire Earth. What if they're just being produced under the ice instead, locally in Antarctica? I mean, on the one hand, it seems ridiculous, but on the other hand, requiring an entire new particle model is a pretty big ask of some data. Are there any detectors of this scope in places other than Antarctica for cross-examination?

The paper says the events appear to be caused by 0.6 EeV cosmic rays. I had to look up that metric prefix, I don't deal with things larger than giga. Turns out EeV is exa-electron volts, or 10^18 eV. If the events were correctly interpreted, the particles had an energy of 600,000 TeV. The highest energy man-made particles I'm aware of are the LHC's 13 TeV/particle beams.

I'm not an expert, but AFAIK a natural source for particles of this energy on Earth would be groundbreaking on its own.
 
I'm not an expert, but AFAIK a natural source for particles of this energy on Earth would be groundbreaking on its own.

I mean, if it looks like a duck and it quacks like a duck, then just maybe it could be superadvanced buried alien technology. However, if they're getting actual trails and not just "up or down", and the trails don't converge, that probably puts the kibosh on this crazy idea.
 
Nah, its clearly the mountains of madness, global warming is coming back to haunt us in unexpected ways.
 
Two possibilities. Either its the Savage Land, or Hollow Earth nonsense is true and we're about to find the entry hole.
 
Two possibilities. Either its the Savage Land, or Hollow Earth nonsense is true and we're about to find the entry hole.
I would be extremely torn on the Hollow Earth turning out to be true, on one hand, that would be incredible and would likely offer a great opportunity for economic and scientific exploitation. But on the other, some real morons would become incredibly smug...
 
I wonder if the earth's magnetic field is related to why they're detecting the particles in Antarctica.
 
These particles are actually quite interesting and they've also seen potential similar ones I believe in the IceCube neutrino observatory buried over a kilometer in to the ice. So far I understand it the traces are angled to far up and they couldn't find any explanation for this particular vector and energy level via any known natural source.

Of course, this doesn't mean they might not have missed a relevant angle, and now that the scientific communities attention has been drawn to it, perhaps that is what will occur. But if they haven't missed a relevant angle, then we basically have a particle doing something that the standard model seems to be saying can't happen. Which would be interesting, very interesting.

I personally expect as such that further observations will be done as well as trying to search for it in old data from any other observatory that might be able to isolate this particular signal. Just to get more surety it's really there, and not some kind of particular misinterpretation. So probably at least a little while before we get something more to go on.
 
These particles are actually quite interesting and they've also seen potential similar ones I believe in the IceCube neutrino observatory buried over a kilometer in to the ice. So far I understand it the traces are angled to far up and they couldn't find any explanation for this particular vector and energy level via any known natural source.

Of course, this doesn't mean they might not have missed a relevant angle, and now that the scientific communities attention has been drawn to it, perhaps that is what will occur. But if they haven't missed a relevant angle, then we basically have a particle doing something that the standard model seems to be saying can't happen. Which would be interesting, very interesting.

I personally expect as such that further observations will be done as well as trying to search for it in old data from any other observatory that might be able to isolate this particular signal. Just to get more surety it's really there, and not some kind of particular misinterpretation. So probably at least a little while before we get something more to go on.

The paper and article was based on data from both ANITA and IceCube. There's no mention of observations from other detectors, though the author mentions wanting other detectors to try and verify the results. They also found a theoretical particle that could cause the measurement, the stau slepton. The stau is apparently a theoretical super symmetric counterpart to the tau lepton. The article makes it clear this isn't conclusive proof of the stau though.
 
LIGO can only barely detect gravity waves from the biggest collisions imaginable through absurdly epic effort. We haven't even begun to figure out ways to manipulate or interact with gravity.
I mean there are detectors in mines looking for possible signs of dark matter colliding with regular matter like how we detect neutrinos. Dark matter is, after all, matter.
 
The confidence these events aren't from standard model particles is 5.8 sigma, which sound quite compelling to me. What do you all think? Have results like these evaporated before, or is this solid evidence of something new?
What one should keep in mind is that the analysis, and the probability of non-SM physics, is conditional on the particles had gone through the Earth, which is a lot less certain.

Could this weird stuff be dark matter instead of cosmic rays?
Yes, the paper suggests they may be staus, the supersymmetric partner of tau leptons.

Dark matter's defining characteristic is not interacting with regular matter in any way besides gravity. And being a Kirby boss.
It could e.g. consist of WIMPs, so weakly interacting. Neutrinos qualify as dark matter; they're just much too light to be the bulk of it.
 
Also could be evidence that the simulation hypothesis is correct; it beggars belief that there wouldn't be any bugs in the software.
 
Also could be evidence that the simulation hypothesis is correct; it beggars belief that there wouldn't be any bugs in the software.

Who would've thought that the go-around to shave cycles on the bottom of the ice shelf would produce a rounding error like that! Too bad we can't push the patch without resetting the server...
 
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